Metabolic Actions of Melatonin on Obesity and Diabetes: A Light in the Darkness

Pirozzi, Flavio Fontes; Bonini-Domingos, Cláudia Regina

doi:10.4172/2324-9293.1000119

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Melatonin, a hormone produced mainly by the pineal gland, has a potential antioxidant role in oxidant‐antioxidant imbalance resulting from diabetes . Besides the known effects on sleep disorders, melatonin plays a key role in energy expenditure, food intake, glucose metabolism in adipocytes, and regulating the secretion of various cytokines involved in weight control and appetite, such as leptin . Any deficiency in melatonin synthesis can affect the regulation of glucose metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Besides the known effects on sleep disorders, melatonin plays a key role in energy expenditure, food intake, glucose metabolism in adipocytes, and regulating the secretion of various cytokines involved in weight control and appetite, such as leptin. [21][22][23] Any deficiency in melatonin synthesis can affect the regulation of glucose metabolism. Melatonin synthesis is regulated by changes in the activity of norepinephrin, 24,25 tyrptophan, 26 and tetrahydrobiopterin.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Melatonin improves hyperglycemia induced damages in rat brain

Gurel-Gokmen

Ipekci

Oktay

et al. 2018

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Melatonin improves hyperglycemia induced damages in rat brain

Gurel-Gokmen

Ipekci

Oktay

et al. 2018

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…The drug chosen for correction is a synthetic analogue of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) -a hormone of the pineal gland, an important regulator of sleep and circadian rhythms, which is synthesized by pinealocytes of the pineal gland under the control of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus [7,10,11,15]. Recently, the number of studies on the possible effects of this substance is growing [1,14,17,18]. The neuroimmunomodulatory effect of melatonin on the immune system is supported by the presence of specific melatonin receptors in the immune system, as well as immunocompetent cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron microscopic changes of lymph nodes during correction of sodium glutamate action by melatonin

Harapko

2020

Rep. of Morph.

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The effect of monosodium glutamate on lymphoid organs remains insufficiently studied. Also, no less relevant is the issue of correction of changes caused by the action of monosodium glutamate. The aim of the study was to study the electron microscopic changes in the parenchyma of the lymph nodes of rats under the action of monosodium glutamate for six weeks and during correction with melatonin. The experimental study was performed on 66 white male and female rats of reproductive age. The structure of mesenteric lymph nodes of white rats under the conditions of physiological norm at the electron microscopic level was studied in 10 intact animals. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups, each with 10 animals. The control was 16 white rats, which instead of a high-calorie diet (HCD) received a standard diet of vivarium. HCD was achieved by adding to the diet of monosodium glutamate at a dose of 0.07 g/kg body weight of rats. The dose of melatonin was 10 mg/kg body weight of rats, administered orally daily at the same time in the afternoon. The electron microscopic structure of the mesenteric lymph nodes of male and female rats of reproductive age of the intact and control groups corresponds to the species norm. The study showed that monosodium glutamate causes changes in the parenchyma of the lymph nodes as in alimentary obesity. After six weeks of HCD, the number of apoptically altered lymphocytes increases. That part of lymphocytes, which has no signs of karyorrhexis or karyolysis, has a karyolemma with deep intussusception, the cytoplasm is enlightened, the tubules of the granular endoplasmic reticulum in cells with signs of edema, dilated, mitochondrial ridges swollen, damaged. There are profound destructive changes in the cellular composition of the organ and violations at the level of all parts of the vascular bed. After six weeks of melatonin correction, the number of macrophages and plasma cells decreased, in some lymphocytes the nucleolus is not clearly expressed, the karyolemma is uneven, the cytoplasm is enlightened, the number of osmophilic (fatty) inclusions decreases both in the intercellular space and in the cytoplasm of the cell. Therefore, the introduction of melatonin led to a significant restoration of the structural organization, and hence the function of this organ.

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“…However, the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the association between them remain unclear. Melatonin is an important regulator of circadian rhythm and its action on sleep-wake phase has already been proven [ 7 ]. Furthermore, melatonin has an important positive affect on immunomodulation and oncostatin, and it has also shown to have antiproliferative and antihypertensive effects [ 4 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin Level Variations with Different Behavioural Risk Factors in Obese Female Patients

Malazonia¹,

Zerekidze²,

Giorgadze³

et al. 2017

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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AIM:The role of behavioural factors and sleep duration and quality is important in the pathogenesis of obesity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of behavioural risk factors on melatonin secretion in women.SUBJECTS AND METHODS:In total, 120 female patients were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups according to the body mass index. Detailed history, anthropometric measurements, urine and blood samples were evaluated for each patient.RESULTS:Two groups significantly differed in weight, BMI, and waist circumference, and were 94.2 ± 14.9 kg, 33.4 ± 5.23 kg/m2 and 99.2 ± 12.6 cm for the study group and 56.0 ± 5.2 kg, 20.0 ± 1.8 kg/m2 and 60.1 ± 10.4 cm for the control group, respectively, sleep disruptions were detected in 48 patients from study group, with mean score 6.76 ± 3.6, and only 10 patients were detected in the control group, with mean score 4.42 ± 1.68. Eating disturbances were revealed in 66 patients from the study group and 21 patients from the control group. Melatonin levels were 17% higher in the study group, compared to control group.CONCLUSION:Higher melatonin levels in patients with obesity and concomitant behavioural impairments may be due to its protective effect to fight free radicals and to induce vasodilatation. Further studies are needed to confirm our finding.

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Metabolic Actions of Melatonin on Obesity and Diabetes: A Light in the Darkness

Cited by 3 publications

References 91 publications

Melatonin improves hyperglycemia induced damages in rat brain

Melatonin improves hyperglycemia induced damages in rat brain

Electron microscopic changes of lymph nodes during correction of sodium glutamate action by melatonin

Melatonin Level Variations with Different Behavioural Risk Factors in Obese Female Patients

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