“…Singleplex and multiplex detection of E. coli, S. aureus, Campylobacter, Listeria, and Bacillus anthracis spores coupled with immunomagnetic separation (IMS), microfluidics, and filtration have been reported (19,43,77,104,121,134). Detection has been evaluated in some food matrices, including ground beef, peanut butter, apple juice, and orange juice (19,43,77,121). Representative LODs were 15 to 35 CFU/ml in pure culture (134) and 10 2 CFU/ml in apple juice (77) without enrichment and 10 CFU/ml in ground beef after 2 h of enrichment (19).…”