“…The immune-based detection methodologies exploit the affinity of antibodies for specific target antigens found on the surface of the desired microorganism. The use of nucleic acid-based technologies recognizes unique and highly specific DNA or RNA sequences that can either be sequenced, amplified and visualized on a gel, or otherwise differentiated for detection, quantification, and molecular typing (Yolken, 1988; Manfreda and De Cesare, 2005; Maciorowski et al., 2006; Mandal et al., 2011; Gharst et al., 2013; Park et al., 2014; Välimaa et al., 2015; Baker et al., 2016; Chen and Park, 2016; Zeng et al., 2016). Both immune and nucleic acid-based approaches are summarized in Table 1 (Immune) and Table 2 (Nucleic-acid).…”