Media coverage of the Zika crisis in Brazil: The construction of a ‘war’ frame that masked social and gender inequalities

Ribeiro, Bárbara; Hartley, Sarah; Nerlich, Brigitte; Jaspal, Rusi

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.01.023

Cited by 81 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Vulnerable groups suffering from the burden of mosquito‐borne diseases, such as Zika, are excluded from formal jobs and fair wages, have poor quality of life, and their housing is characterized by unhealthy environmental conditions . In Pernambuco—the state greatest hit by the Zika epidemic—most affected families lived in extreme poverty and, for the most part, had no water supply or garbage collection and inadequate sewage and drainage .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do mothers feel? Life with children with congenital Zika syndrome

Freitas

Soares

Mocelin

et al. 2020

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Objective: To describe the repercussions, from the perspectives of caregiver mothers, of confirmed congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) in their offspring. Methods:A descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach was carried out in the state of Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil, with 25 women who had a child diagnosed with CZS.Results: Emerging themes from the content analysis were grouped into two categories:(1) inequalities experienced by mothers, including social inequality, poverty, and gender inequality; (2) the impact of a child with CZS on mothering, including feelings at the time of diagnosis, maternal isolation and mental health, experiences of stigma and prejudice, and exhausting itineraries searching for therapeutic care. Conclusion:The repercussions of CZS were a huge burden on already vulnerable women, and social inequalities and poverty were important markers in the mothers' reports.Many of the families affected by CZS already lived in precarious social conditions and these conditions were exacerbated further. Robust public and social policies to support these mothers need effective implementation given that babies born with CZS need long-term care and support.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do mothers feel? Life with children with congenital Zika syndrome

Freitas

Soares

Mocelin

et al. 2020

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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“…Google has been used to monitor Ebola-related web search behaviour and dengue outbreaks. [20][21][22] Some authors have used a travel health website 23 to monitor anxiety over the Zika virus, others have examined the framing of the Zika crisis 24 in two Brazilian newspapers (O Globo and Folha de Sao Paulo) and the coverage of mosquito-borne diseases in Italian newspapers 25 and compared Zika with other diseases.…”

Section: Mass Media and Public Health Informaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of the Brazilian media was limited to detecting aberrations and trends and comparing with Google searches. Other authors 24 have examined the framing of the debate in the Brazilian media. It would be interesting to see how a wider longitudinal study of newspapers worldwide could be used to trace the movement of the disease in the Americas and when the debates about its presence emerged in other Latin American newspapers.…”

Section: Limitations Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first part of this section examines a crisis of knowledge among scientists during the early days of the outbreak while the second part reviews public perceptions of risk from the virus and psychosocial and economic inhibitors to containment -representations 34,35,40,41 and the crisis of mind. This section is limited to the US and UK media -from 'the outside looking in' (see Ribeiro et al 24 for the framing of the debate in the Brazilian media).…”

Section: Crisis Of Knowledge the Known And Unknownsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leveraging media informatics for the surveillance and understanding of disease outbreaks

Falade¹

2019

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Syndromic disease surveillance mechanisms can be enhanced by incorporating mass media informatics for disease discourse and aberration detection and social psychology for understanding risk perceptions and the drivers of uptake and resistance. Using computerised text analysis, the coverage of the outbreak of Zika virus in Brazil in 2017/2018 in four newspapers – O Estado, O Globo, the Times of London and the New York Times – was examined and patterns were compared with Google Trends. Quantitative indicators showed waves of attention to Zika peaked in the same period but local newspapers, O Estado and O Globo, indicated lower levels of anxiety in the run up to the Olympics when compared with foreign media. The unusual surge in attention to dengue in early 2015 was an early indication to sound the alarm for extensive clinical investigations. This, together with the flagging of Zika by O Globo almost a year before the global alarm, indicates the suitability of this method for surveillance and detection of aberrations. Media attention waves are also significantly associated with Google Trends, indicating empirical equivalence. Qualitative indicators show the extra motivation over Google, World Wide Web or Twitter searches by highlighting public perceptions. Findings show the absence of a stable body of scientific knowledge at the outbreak and an ensuing crisis of understanding. Local concerns were about the economic crisis, religious beliefs, poverty and crime – all inhibitors to containment – while the global alarm was amplified by risk to tourists and athletes, and political disputes mixed with religious beliefs. Significance: This study contributes to research on the use of longitudinal media data as surrogate sources for syndromic disease surveillance. Mass media informatics provide empirical equivalence to Google Trends. Clinical and non-clinical factors contributed to public anxiety over disease epidemics. Lack of clinical knowledge at the onset of the crisis contributed to anxiety among scientists and the public.

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“…Toppenberg-Pejcic 14 analyzes the use of expert-produced materials on the Ebola, Zika, and Yellow Fever epidemics, published in a simplified and non-academic way on blogs and website (called 'gray' literature), highlighting the role of this information dissemination medium and its impact on the communication of risks. Ribeiro et al 15 , through the analysis of 186 articles published in the newspapers O Globo and Folha de São Paulo between 2015-2016, show that this media coverage reveals a scenario of "war" sustained by two aspects: the struggle for the eradication of the mosquito (enemy to be fought) and the struggle to control microcephaly, putting the weight of prevention and responsibility on women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comunicando sobre Zika: recomendações de prevenção em contextos de incertezas

Rodrigues

Grisotti

2019

Interface (Botucatu)

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A epidemia do vírus Zika , considerada por um determinado período como uma situação de emergência nacional e internacional de saúde pública, gerou respostas que carecem de uma análise mais detalhada, especialmente em relação às recomendações feitas pelo Ministério da Saúde no site “Combate Aedes ”. Neste artigo, analisamos essas recomendações por meio do método “Collective Mindsets Analysis” (CMA). As orientações aos profissionais de saúde e população falham por não especificarem características da população mais diretamente afetada, interferindo negativamente, assim, na sua aplicabilidade. O material também não esclarece as atribuições de responsabilidade sobre as várias ações recomendadas, deixando para a população o encargo da tomada de decisão. Sem um real direcionamento e adequação ao contexto das pessoas atingidas, corre-se o risco de tornar as políticas públicas ineficazes.

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Media coverage of the Zika crisis in Brazil: The construction of a ‘war’ frame that masked social and gender inequalities

Cited by 81 publications

References 42 publications

How do mothers feel? Life with children with congenital Zika syndrome

How do mothers feel? Life with children with congenital Zika syndrome

Leveraging media informatics for the surveillance and understanding of disease outbreaks

Comunicando sobre Zika: recomendações de prevenção em contextos de incertezas

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