Magnetic Barkhausen noise analysis of stress in steel

Stewart, David B.; Stevens, Kenneth N.; Kaiser, A. B.

doi:10.1016/j.cap.2003.11.035

Cited by 97 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The comparison of results with those from X-ray diffraction showed a good agreement. Similar good results were achieved by measurements performed on other types of steels such as API X65 [62], API 5 L X70 [63], AS1548-7-460R [64], structural steel [65] and CrMo steel [66]. As pointed out by many investigators who examined welds of different steels, BN technique requires a precise calibration procedure in all zones, which have a noticeably different microstructure, namely each zone should be separately considered for calibration [59,60,61,63].…”

Section: Nondestructive Techniques 31 Barkhausen Noise Methodssupporting

confidence: 54%

Experimental Techniques to Investigate Residual Stress in Joints

Montanari¹,

Fava²,

Barbieri³

2018

Residual Stress Analysis on Welded Joints by Means of Numerical Simulation and Experiments

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Residual stress arising from welding processes is matter of great concern in industrial practice since it can affect geometry, mechanical behavior and corrosion resistance of components. In order to evaluate residual stress in welded joints and optimize postwelding heat treatments, a lot of work has been devoted to the improvement of measurement methods with increasing sensitivity and accuracy. The chapter presents and discusses some of the experimental techniques commonly used today to determine residual stress in welds and describes recent results and advancements. Destructive (sectioning, contour, hole-drilling, instrumented indentation) and nondestructive (Barkhausen noise, ultrasonic, X-ray and neutron diffraction) methods are illustrated to highlight the specific characteristics, advantages and drawbacks.

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Section: Nondestructive Techniques 31 Barkhausen Noise Methodssupporting

confidence: 54%

Experimental Techniques to Investigate Residual Stress in Joints

Montanari¹,

Fava²,

Barbieri³

2018

Residual Stress Analysis on Welded Joints by Means of Numerical Simulation and Experiments

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“…Stewart et al [113] have made measurements on a welded steel plate. Away from the weld the results are consistent with the expected compressive stress parallel to the weld direction.…”

Section: Barkhausen Noise Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of measuring residual stresses in components

et al. 2012

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Residual stresses occur in many manufactured structures and components. Large number of investigations have been carried out to study this phenomenon and its effect on the mechanical characteristics of these components.Over the years, different methods have been developed to measure residual stress for different types of components in order to obtain reliable assessment. The various specific methods have evolved over several decades and their practical applications have greatly benefited from the development of complementary technologies, notably in material cutting, full-field deformation measurement techniques, numerical methods and computing power. These complementary technologies have stimulated advances not only in measurement accuracy and reliability, but also in range of application; much greater detail in residual stresses measurement is now available. This paper aims to classify the different residual stresses measurement methods and to provide an overview of some of the recent advances in this area to help researchers on selecting their techniques among destructive, semi destructive and non destructive techniques depends on their application and the availabilities of those techniques. For each method scope, physical limitation, advantages and disadvantages are summarized. In the end this paper indicates some promising directions for future developments.

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“…Magnetic noise associated with the loop was first heard by Barkhausen in 1919, when he detected irreversible domain wall movement in nickel wires via the emf generated in a pickup coil by the flux jumps [1,2]. Barkhausen noise provides the basis for a method of nondestructive testing of steel parts under ac excitation [3]. It has been used to study correlations in magnetization reversal cascades by recording the jumps with a magneto-optical microscope [4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic Noise in Structured Hard Magnets

et al. 2010

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The anomalous Hall effect of wires patterned from ðCo 90 Fe 10 =PtÞ n multilayers, with 10 n 50, is used to determine the magnetization process in a small volume of maze domains. Time-independent 1=f noise appears in samples with a quality factor Q < 1 at points on the hysteresis loop where the magnetization reverses continuously. The magnetic noise is associated with reversible excursions of segments of a domain wall $100 nm long. Barkhausen jumps are observed close to either the switching field or the saturation field where the noise power spectrum varies as 1=f 1:7 , and its magnitude decays with time. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.047202 PACS numbers: 75.60.Ej, 75.75.Àc, 75.50.Ww, 85.75.Nn Hysteresis is the defining property of a ferromagnet. The irreversible, nonlinear, and time-dependent response of the magnetization to an external magnetic field is traced as a time-or frequency-dependent open loop, which represents the sequence of metastable states occupied by the magnet as it adapts its domain configuration to the external field. Magnetic noise associated with the loop was first heard by Barkhausen in 1919, when he detected irreversible domain wall movement in nickel wires via the emf generated in a pickup coil by the flux jumps [1,2]. Barkhausen noise provides the basis for a method of nondestructive testing of steel parts under ac excitation [3]. It has been used to study correlations in magnetization reversal cascades by recording the jumps with a magneto-optical microscope [4].Single-domain particles of hard magnets may exhibit coherent magnetization reversal-the classical StonerWohlfarth behavior [5]-when they are about 10 nm in size, or less [6]. Uniformly magnetized films of similar thickness having spontaneous magnetization M and perpendicular anisotropy K u exhibit perpendicular magnetization when the quality factor Q ¼ 2K u = 0 M 2 is greater than 1. The hysteresis may then be a simple square loop like that of a Stoner-Wohlfarth particle, with an abrupt switch from magnetization þM to ÀM at the coercive field H c , when the applied field is along the easy axis. Perpendicular magnetization remains possible when Q < 1, but in a multidomain state, which is stabilized by the stray field created by a maze of stripe domains. The magnetization switches from a uniformly magnetized state in a positive applied field to a maze domain state, which is then progressively demagnetized by domain wall motion. The reverse stripes broaden and the normal stripes narrow before breaking up into segments and bubbles, and eventually disappear as the sample reaches saturation in the reverse direction [7,8]. Thin film multilayers of Fe or Co and Pt or Pd with perpendicular magnetization are of great interest for magnetoelectronics, magnetic recording and studies of the physics of magnetic interactions at the nanoscale level. In this Letter, we show how the magnetic noise due to fluctuations in the magnetization of a small sample volume changes as we go around the hysteresis loop. The fluctuations are measured using t...

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Magnetic Barkhausen noise analysis of stress in steel

Cited by 97 publications

References 2 publications

Experimental Techniques to Investigate Residual Stress in Joints

Experimental Techniques to Investigate Residual Stress in Joints

Methods of measuring residual stresses in components

Magnetic Noise in Structured Hard Magnets

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