&lt;title&gt;Introduction To Ocean Optics&lt;/title&gt;

Gordon, Howard R.; Smith, Raymond C.; Ronald, J.; Zaneveld, V.

doi:10.1117/12.958262

Cited by 34 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…If particle size and shape are held constant, the total scattering coefficient increases with increasing relative index of refraction (m) [Gordon et al, 1980]. Zaneveld et al [1974] reviewed early investigations that attempted to determine a single representative value of m for various particle populations.…”

Section: Paper Number 4c0622mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attenuation measurements from a beam transmissometer are commonly used to estimate the mass or volume concentration of particles in natural waters [e.g., Joseph, 1957;Jones and Wills, 1956;Drake et al, 1972;McCarthy et al, 1974;Peterson, 1977;Callaway et al, 1976;Spinrad and Zaneveld, 1982;Spintad et al, 1983;McCave, 1983;Baker et al, 1983;Baker, 1984; and many others]. Attenuation depends not only on particle concentration, however, but also on particle size, shape, and index of refraction (the influence of dissolved substances is not considered here) [Jerlov, 1976;Gordon et al, 1980]. Thus a linear, well-correlated relationship between c and particle concentration C such that c = •'C + So (1) will occur only when the effects of variations in size, shape, and index of refraction are negligible or mutually compensating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calculations based on Mie's [1908] theory and numerous empirical studies indicate that changes in any of these parameters can alter the optical characteristics of a particle population. Particle size is the most influential variable [Gordon et al, 1980]. Consequently, much theoretical and experimental work has been directed toward understanding its influence on specific optical properties such as the volume scattering function [e.g., see Kullenberg, 1974;Jerlov, 1976;Gordon et al, 1980].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle size is the most influential variable [Gordon et al, 1980]. Consequently, much theoretical and experimental work has been directed toward understanding its influence on specific optical properties such as the volume scattering function [e.g., see Kullenberg, 1974;Jerlov, 1976;Gordon et al, 1980]. The influence of particle size on total attenuation has been less systematically studied, although several researchers [Jones and Wills, 1956;Otto, 1966;Heathershaw and Simpson, 1974;Zaneveld et al, 1980Zaneveld et al, , 1982Kitchen et al, 1982;Spintad et al, 1983] have observed that attenuation measurements in natural waters or laboratory determinations are affected by changes in the particle size distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of particle size on the light attenuation coefficient of natural suspensions

Baker¹,

Lavelle²

1984

J. Geophys. Res.

309

136

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Laboratory calibration of a beam transmissometer by using natural sedimentary particles fractionated into seven size classes demonstrates that slopes of light attenuation vs. particle mass concentration regressions systematically vary with the size distributions of the particles. Suspensions with a mean particle size of 8.5 μm attenuate 660‐nm light 15 times more efficiently than suspensions of similar particles with a mean diameter of 48 μm. Theoretical calculations of attenuation, based on scattering by spherical particles with the measured size distributions, underestimate observed attenuation by factors of 2–4, apparently because the nonspherical shape and roughness typical of natural particles create an effective optical diameter larger than that for a sphere of equal volume. These laboratory results agree with the trend established from a survey of published field data showing that calibration slopes experience a steady increase from inshore high‐energy waters, where large particles are common, to offshore low‐energy waters, where large particles are rare.

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Section: Paper Number 4c0622mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effect of particle size on the light attenuation coefficient of natural suspensions

Baker¹,

Lavelle²

1984

J. Geophys. Res.

309

136

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“…Note that r rs is a measure of upwelling radiance in a specific direction, 1,7 but b b is a measure of photons scattered in all backward directions. 24 Depending on sensor solar geometry, r rs could include both forward-scattered and back-scattered photons. Therefore r s depends on the angular redistribution of scattered photons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of molecular and particle scatterings on the model parameter for remote-sensing reflectance

Lee

Carder²,

Du³

2004

Appl. Opt.

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For optically deep waters, remote-sensing reflectance (r(rs)) is traditionally expressed as the ratio of the backscattering coefficient (b(b)) to the sum of absorption and backscattering coefficients (a + b(b)) that multiples a model parameter (g, or the so-called f'/Q). Parameter g is further expressed as a function of b(b)/(a + b(b)) (or b(b)/a) to account for its variation that is due to multiple scattering. With such an approach, the same g value will be derived for different a and b(b) values that provide the same ratio. Because g is partially a measure of the angular distribution of upwelling light, and the angular distribution from molecular scattering is quite different from that of particle scattering; g values are expected to vary with different scattering distributions even if the b(b)/a ratios are the same. In this study, after numerically demonstrating the effects of molecular and particle scatterings on the values of g, an innovative r(rs) model is developed. This new model expresses r(rs) in two separate terms: one governed by the phase function of molecular scattering and one governed by the phase function of particle scattering, with a model parameter introduced for each term. In this way the phase function effects from molecular and particle scatterings are explicitly separated and accounted for. This new model provides an analytical tool to understand and quantify the phase-function effects on r(rs), and a platform to calculate r(rs) spectrum quickly and accurately that is required for remote-sensing applications.

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Turbidity and mass concentration of suspended matter in lake water: A comparison of two calibration methods

Hofmann

Dominik

1995

Aquatic Science

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<title>Introduction To Ocean Optics</title>

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of particle size on the light attenuation coefficient of natural suspensions

The effect of particle size on the light attenuation coefficient of natural suspensions

Effects of molecular and particle scatterings on the model parameter for remote-sensing reflectance

Turbidity and mass concentration of suspended matter in lake water: A comparison of two calibration methods

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