<b>Forage yield and quality of marandugrass fertigated with treated sewage wastewater and mineral fertilizer

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The high consumption of water in irrigated agriculture and lack of alternative water sources make reusing sewage water a highly promising option for irrigation. This paper is aimed at evaluating Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu forage quality and yield when fertigated with treated sewage wastewater (TSW) and mineral fertilizer, in the 2013 and 2014 crop years in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil. A homogeneous water depth was applied using a triple-line sprinkling irrigation system under a gradual TSW application, using the following TSW and water ratios: E5 = 1.0; E4 = 0.87; E3 = 0.6; E2 = 0.31, E1 = 0.11, and E0 = 0.0. Annual biomass yield increased with the TSW application, ranging from 31.3 to 47.4 Mg ha ), maximum forage yield was not achieved, hence further nitrogen increments would still enhance yield. Forage improved quality has counterbalanced the low fall-winter yields in terms of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF).Keywords: wastewater, irrigation, pasture, forage quality.Rendimento e qualidade de forragem de capim-marandu fertirrigado com água residuária de esgoto tratado e adubo mineral RESUMO. O alto consumo de água na agricultura irrigada e falta de fontes alternativas de água tornar a reutilização da água de esgoto uma opção altamente promissora nesta atividade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o rendimento e a qualidade da forrageira Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu fertirrigada com águas residuais de efluente de esgoto tratado (EET) e fertilizante mineral, nos anos de 2013 e 2014, em Jaboticabal, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. A lâmina homogênea da água foi aplicada por um sistema de irrigação por aspersão em linha tripla, mas sob aplicação gradual EET, usando os seguintes EET e água proporções: E5 = 1,0; E4 = 0,87; E3 = 0,6; E2 = 0,31, E1 = 0,11 e E0 = 0,0. O rendimento anual de biomassa aumentou com aplicação EET, variando 31, em 2013 e 25,7-56,9 Mg ha -1 em 2014, para E1 e E5, respectivamente. Houve sazonalidade na produção de forrageira, com os valores mais elevados no verão (35,9 a 44,7%) e primavera (35,7 a 38,4%) e as mais baixas durante a temporada de outono-inverno (19,6 a 25,7%). Apesar das altas doses de nitrogênio (1.132 kg ha -1 ), o rendimento máximo de forragem não foi alcançado, de modo que novos aumentos de nitrogênio ainda possam melhorar o rendimento. As baixas produtividades no outono-inverno foram compensadas pela melhor qualidade da forrageira em proteína bruta (PB) e fibra em detergente neutro (FDN).Palavras-chave: águas residuais, irrigação, pasto, qualidade da forragem.

Growing, Production and Quality of Thornless Cactus Irrigated With Dairies Effluent

“…For Santos et al (2017) the forage of best quality is obtained when CP is higher than 12% and NDF less than 60%, such a conditions in which the results of the present study fit, unlike the 53.02% NDF obtained by Emparn (2013) in studies with thornless cactus.…”

Optimization of the Coagulation–Flocculation Process for Slaughterhouse Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology

“…[ 40 ] With such applications, pollution is controlled, the water and nutrient demands of plants are provided in the dry seasons, [ 41 ] the pressure on water resources decreases, and the cost decreases in comparison with other water sources. [ 42 ] In some studies, it has been stated that it may be advantageous to use different wastewater sources in pasture irrigation: sewage waste [ 41,43 ] or cattle waste. [ 44 ] In some studies in which slaughterhouse wastewater was used as irrigation water, the quality of the soil in nitrogen percussion [ 45 ] and the phytotoxicity of cucumber and lettuce seeds in the course of germination [ 46 ] were investigated.…”

Morphogenic and Structural Characteristics of Marandu Grass Affected by Fertigation With Treated Sewage Effluent and Cutting Height

“…Thus, the precipitation depth was uniform, but with gradual doses of TSE in water, varying in the direction perpendicular to the sprinkler line, with high concentration near the sprinkler line that applied TSE, until very low concentration near the sprinkler lines that applied only water. The gradual distribution of TSE or water precipitation was determined by previous sprinkler tests performed by Santos et al (2017).…”

“…The treatment D3H1 was assumed as a reference to adopt, as nutritional demand, the replacement of 22.5 kg ha -1 of N per mg ha -1 of dry mass (DM) of forage produced in each period between forage cuts. This criterion was increased by 50% in relation to that adopted by Santos et al (2017), which was based on the recommendation of Vilela et al (1998). To avoid excess water in the soil due to the high fertigation applications required, part of the N demand was supplied by urea, applying, immediately after measuring forage productivity, 7.5 kg ha -1 of N per ton of dry fodder produced in the treatment D3H1 and complementing the 15 kg ha -1 of N per ton of dry fodder remaining by applying TSE during the next cutting cycle.…”