Lower-leg cellulitis-like manifestations of erythema nodosum induced by Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection

Sawada, Takahiro; Suehiro, Mitsuhiro; Takaya, Kiho

doi:10.4103/0019-5154.177786

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…These nodules usually develop over several days, with a prodrome of fever, malaise, and/or arthralgia [1]. The lesions may initially be bright red in color and be mistaken for cellulitis, similar to our case, particularly when the typical nodules are not apparent [3]. Ulceration is not seen, and the lesions resolve without scarring or atrophy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Erythema Nodosum: A Manifestation of Salmonella Infection

Hassan

Alsaihati

Shammari

et al. 2019

Case Rep Gastroenterol

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Erythema nodosum is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction with an unknown trigger in the majority of cases. It is characterized by the development of erythematous tender nodules on the shins. Septal panniculitis without vasculitis is a characteristic histopathological finding. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with a four-day history of an erythematous swollen left lower limb. She was treated with intravenous clindamycin for suspected cellulitis. However, her symptoms persisted. Punch biopsy revealed findings consistent with erythema nodosum. Two days later, she developed colicky abdominal pain associated with nonbloody diarrhea. Stool culture yielded Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. Two days after discharge, she presented again with a right breast abscess for which she underwent incision

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Erythema Nodosum: A Manifestation of Salmonella Infection

Hassan

Alsaihati

Shammari

et al. 2019

Case Rep Gastroenterol

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Panniculitis

Requena,

Cerroni

2024

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology

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The panniculitides represent a group of heterogeneous inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous fat. The specific diagnosis of these disorders requires histopathological study because different panniculitides usually show monotonous clinical appearance, namely subcutaneous erythematous nodules on the lower extremities. Histopathological study of panniculitis is also challenging because of an inadequate clinicopathological correlation and the evolutionary nature of the lesions. Often, biopsy specimens are taken from late‐stage lesions, which results in non‐specific histopathological findings. In addition, large‐scalpel incisional biopsies are required. However, with adequate biopsy samples a histopathological differential diagnosis between a mostly septal and a mostly lobular panniculitis is straightforward and with adequate clinicopathological correlation, a specific diagnosis may be rendered in most cases of panniculitis. Mostly septal panniculitides with vasculitis include superficial thrombophlebitis and cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (cutaneous arteritis). Septal panniculitides with no vasculitis may appear as the consequence of dermal inflammatory processes extending to the subcutaneous fat, such as necrobiosis lipoidica, scleroderma, subcutaneous granuloma annulare, rheumatoid nodule and necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, whereas in other cases the inflammatory process involves primarily the connective tissue septa of the subcutis with no participation of the overlying dermis. The most frequent septal panniculitis is erythema nodosum. In contrast, the most common lobular panniculitis with vasculitis is erythema induratum of Bazin (nodular vasculitis). Mostly lobular panniculitides without vasculitis comprise a large list of disorders, including sclerosing panniculitis (lipodermatosclerosis), subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn, panniculitis associated with connective tissue diseases, pancreatic panniculitis, 1 ‐antitrypsin deficiency‐associated panniculitis, infective panniculitis and factitious panniculitis. In recent years, several cases of both septal and lobular panniculitis have been described as a consequence of the administration of new drugs, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and BRAF inhibitors used as treatment of metastatic melanoma, tyrosine kinase and Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors used for treatment of leukemia and other haematological malignancies and tumour necrosis factor inhibitor drugs.

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Chlamydia-Induced Reactive Arthritis: Disappearing Entity or Lack of Research?

Zeidler

Hudson

2019

Curr Rheumatol Rep

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Lower-leg cellulitis-like manifestations of erythema nodosum induced by Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Erythema Nodosum: A Manifestation of Salmonella Infection

Erythema Nodosum: A Manifestation of Salmonella Infection

Panniculitis

Chlamydia-Induced Reactive Arthritis: Disappearing Entity or Lack of Research?

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