Background: Food allergy is a growing global health concern, with limited studies conducted in developing countries. High-risk behavior regarding allergies is common among young adults, making them prone to severe allergic reactions. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of food allergies among Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) students and to determine the rate of high-risk behaviors in this group.Methods: An online survey was conducted among IAU students enrolled between the academic years of 2008 and 2018. The survey addressed food allergies with respect to age of onset, allergy testing, self-injectable epinephrine (SIE) prescription, associated allergic conditions, and attitude and behavior of university students regarding food avoidance and epinephrine use.
Results:In total, 5497 completed surveys were analyzed; 526 participants were clinically diagnosed with allergies to at least one food item. A SIE device was prescribed for only 129 (24.5%) of the diagnosed individuals, of which only 4.7% carried the device at all times. Thirty-nine individuals (30.2%) reported that they and their family members know the proper epinephrine device technique. Strict avoidance of food allergens was reported by 30.2% of the individuals. Associated allergic conditions were observed in 69.3% of the clinically diagnosed individuals.
Conclusion:Food allergies are prevalent among IAU students, with under-prescription of SIE devices. A high rate of high-risk behaviors with respect to food avoidance and carrying SIE was noted. Interventional strategies are needed to mitigate the risk of severe reactions among these university students.
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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a common hemoglobin disorder with variable clinical manifestations. Spontaneous subgaleal hematoma is rare, with sporadic cases reported in patients with SCD. Most cases resolve with conservative measures. Skull bone infarction should be considered a possible cause of severe acute headache in patients with SCD.
Introduction
Primary amenorrhea is failure to reach menarche. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is the second most common cause of primary amenorrhea, after gonadal dysgenesis. Herein, we report a rare case of an unusual subtype of MRKH syndrome.
Case Report
This report describes the case of a 28-year-old woman with primary amenorrhea and coital difficulties. On examination, she had normal secondary sexual characteristics but a blind-ending vagina. Her hormonal profile was within normal limits; ultrasound examination was inconclusive due to technical difficulties. Subsequently, she underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, which revealed bilateral rudimentary uterine horns in the presence of normal ovaries and normal length of a blind-ending narrow vagina.
Conclusion
MRKH syndrome with bilateral rudimentary uterine horns and normal-length vagina is an unusual form of Müllerian agenesis.
Erythema nodosum is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction with an unknown trigger in the majority of cases. It is characterized by the development of erythematous tender nodules on the shins. Septal panniculitis without vasculitis is a characteristic histopathological finding. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with a four-day history of an erythematous swollen left lower limb. She was treated with intravenous clindamycin for suspected cellulitis. However, her symptoms persisted. Punch biopsy revealed findings consistent with erythema nodosum. Two days later, she developed colicky abdominal pain associated with nonbloody diarrhea. Stool culture yielded Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. Two days after discharge, she presented again with a right breast abscess for which she underwent incision
The prevalence of opioid use has increased worldwide. Two-thirds of deaths caused by drug overdose are opioid-related. Individuals with opioid use may present with a variety of complications. The available history in unconscious patients is often insufficient, which may cause diagnostic difficulty and delayed management. We present two cases of 54-year-old and 25year-old male patients who were brought to our emergency department after being found unconscious at home, without any known preceding event. They were in a deep coma with a Glasgow coma score of 3/15. However, their brainstem reflexes were normal. Pinpoint pupils were observed bilaterally. Brain computed tomography (CT) demonstrated the presence of bilateral basal ganglia hypodensities in both patients, in addition to multiple hypodensities scattered in the cerebral hemispheres of one patient. Toxicology screening from both patients was positive for opioids. The patients were transferred to the intensive care unit for supportive management. One patient recovered completely, whereas the other remained in a vegetative state. The presence of bilateral basal ganglia lesions in brain CT in unconscious patients should alert the physician of opioid use disorder among these patients.
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