Erythema Nodosum: A Manifestation of Salmonella Infection

Hassan, Ali; Alsaihati, Amna; Shammari, Malak Al; Sharroufna, Mohammed; Alaithan, Haitham; Aljubran, Salman

doi:10.1159/000503894

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is characterized by the sudden development of painful erythematous nodules and plaques on the extensor surfaces of the lower limbs. Recurrences are rare, and the lesions typically resolve on their own without scarring, necrosis, or atrophy [7,8]. The typical presentation of erythema nodosum includes the abrupt appearance of nodules and raised plaques on the lower legs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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Background: Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common form of septal panniculitis resulting from a hypersensitivity reaction in response to numerous antigens or triggers. Case: A 43-year-old female presented with a chief complaint of erythematous painful non-ulcerating nodules on the lower limbs for 18 months. This was preceded by a painful, erythematous rash consisting of a few subcutaneous nodules on both limbs. A dermatological examination of the tibia region revealed multiple tender erythematous and hyperpigmented nodules. A biopsy and serology test were performed to rule out differential diagnoses. Based on the data, the working diagnosis is erythema nodosum caused by trichomoniasis and vulvovaginal candidiasis. We managed this case with metronidazole 500 mg twice daily for seven days, fluconazole 150 mg as a single dose, and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. One week after receiving treatment, her pain complaint disappeared, but the hyperpigmented macules still persisted, although they had decreased. One year after treatment, the patient's complaints did not recur. Discussion: EN may be associated with a wide variety of disease processes, and its observation should be followed by finding the underlying etiology. The clinical presentation includes symmetrical, tender, erythematous, warm nodules, and raised plaques usually located on the shins, ankles, and knees. The lesions show spontaneous regression without ulceration, scarring, or atrophy, and recurrent episodes are uncommon. The EN diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and histopathological findings. Conclusion:The management of erythema nodosum involves identifying the etiologic factor and focusing on eliminating exposure or treating the underlying diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

J. Med. Chem. Sci.

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“…A study among children from Israel reported streptococcal infections followed by EBV infections (4) . The first case of EN coexisting with salmonellosis was published by Grossman and Katz in 1984 (10) . Only few case reports of ED in patients diagnosed with Salmonella infection can be found in English-language literature (9)(10)(11)(12)(13) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first case of EN coexisting with salmonellosis was published by Grossman and Katz in 1984 (10) . Only few case reports of ED in patients diagnosed with Salmonella infection can be found in English-language literature (9)(10)(11)(12)(13) . S. Typhimurium and S. Typhi (13) are the most common causes of EN, whereas S. Enteritidis is less commonly reported (10) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only few case reports of ED in patients diagnosed with Salmonella infection can be found in English-language literature (9)(10)(11)(12)(13) . S. Typhimurium and S. Typhi (13) are the most common causes of EN, whereas S. Enteritidis is less commonly reported (10) . Greek scientists concluded that the incidence of salmonellosis associated with EN depends both on the prevalence of salmonellosis and on the genetic factors in a given population (9) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erythema nodosum in a child with Salmonella Enteritidis infection

Kamińska-Sobczak¹,

Karska²,

Lange³

et al. 2021

Pediatr Med Rodz

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The paper discusses a case of erythema nodosum in an almost 2-year-old boy diagnosed for fever and skin lesions on the extensor parts of the lower legs. Extended medical history and diagnosis allowed to identify Salmonella Enteritidis as the culprit of symptoms. This entity is rarely found in the paediatric population, especially in children <2 years of age. It clinically manifests with small, painful, red to purple subcutaneous nodules, mostly developing in the lower extremities. Only few cases of correlation between erythema nodosum and this serotype of Salmonella have been described in the available literature. Reminding general practitioners and paediatricians of the basic information about the possible course of the disease will allow for earlier differential diagnosis and more rapid and appropriate treatment.

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“…2,3 Most cases of EN present as acute eruptions of tender erythematous or bruise-like nodules located bilaterally on the anterior and lateral surfaces of the lower legs. 4 EN is sometimes misdiagnosed as cellulitis, especially when the nodules are not evident 5 or the lesion is not bilateral. Although MRI of the right lower leg was performed for diagnosis, the findings were consistent with nonspecific inflammation of the subcutaneous fat.…”

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confidence: 99%

Erythema nodosum as the initial symptom of Crohn's disease: A case report

Itoh,

Miura,

Endo

et al. 2023

Pediatrics International

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Erythema Nodosum: A Manifestation of Salmonella Infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

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Erythema nodosum in a child with Salmonella Enteritidis infection

Erythema nodosum as the initial symptom of Crohn's disease: A case report

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