Low prolactin levels are associated with visceral adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance in humans

Aj, Ponce; Galván-Salas, T; Rm, Lerma-Alvarado; Ruíz-Herrera, Xarubet; Hernández-Cortés, T; Valencia-Jiménez, R; Le, Cárdenas-Rodríguez; G, Martínez de la Escalera; Clapp, Carmen; Macotela, Yazmín

doi:10.1007/s12020-019-02170-x

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…121 It has also been observed that a low prolactin concentration, although still within normal physiological levels, is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy specifically in visceral fat, suggesting adipocyte dysfunction. 122 Moreover, a lower expression of Prlr mRNA is detected in VAT from subjects with insulin resistance compared to control subjects, 122 suggesting that both low prolactin levels and a low prolactin sensitivity of these adipocytes may contribute to a lack of the positive effects of prolactin on adipose metabolism under some circumstances. On the other hand, chronically high prolactin levels in pathological contexts such as pituitary tumours or psychiatric medication have been linked to obesity predisposition and altered glucose metabolism in humans.…”

Section: Prol Ac Tin and Ad Ip Os E Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic functions of prolactin: Physiological and pathological aspects

Lopez‐Vicchi

Winne

Brie

et al. 2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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Prolactin is a pleiotropic hormone that is named after its major role in lactation in mammals. Alongside this role in milk production, prolactin has been implicated in a wide range of functions, including regulating aspects of the immune system, the reproductive system and metabolism. The wide scope of functions for prolactin is considered to converge during pregnancy and lactation, when prolactin concentrations are high, and it is hypothesised that prolactin has a role not only in milk production, but also as a signal to many of the systems in the body driving maternal adaptations to meet the demands of these physiologically challenging states. 1 Although high prolactin concentrations are appropriate during pregnancy and lactation, 1-3 there are many pathological conditions of hyperprolactinaemia, such as prolactin-secreting tumours and dopamine receptor antagonising drug treatments, 4 and these pathologically high prolactin concentrations are likely to impact on many different aspects of physiology and lead to metabolic dysfunction. The focus of this review is to examine the effects of prolactin on metabolism and energy homeostasis in both the physiological and pathological states of hyperprolactinaemia. Prolactin is secreted by lactotroph cells and, unlike other hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary, its secretion is regulated

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Section: Prol Ac Tin and Ad Ip Os E Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic functions of prolactin: Physiological and pathological aspects

Lopez‐Vicchi

Winne

Brie

et al. 2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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show abstract

“…Full texts of the remaining studies were obtained for eligibility assessment. As a result, 14 studies were included in this review [11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] .…”

Section: Data Extraction and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine studies were included with results on associations between serum PRL levels and BMI, WC, blood pressure, blood lipids, blood glucose, and insulin resistance [15,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]27] . Among these studies, there were 3 prospective studies, 2 case-control studies, and 3…”

Section: Association Between Serum Prl Levels and Metabolic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies investigated the association between serum PRL and BMI, WC [15,19,[21][22][23] . There was a significant inverse association between serum PRL and BMI, WC in 2 studies [15,21] .…”

Section: Association Between Serum Prl Levels and Metabolic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four studies investigated the association between serum PRL and blood lipids [19,[21][22][23] . Two studies found that serum PRL was negatively associated with LDL, TG, and positively associated with HDL [21,23] .…”

Section: Association Between Serum Prl Levels and Metabolic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Serum Prolactin and Metabolic Disorders: a Systematic Review

Yang

She

Zhou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Serum prolactin levels are associated with metabolic disorders. However, the conclusions were inconsistent among published studies. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were used to search for studies investigating the association between serum prolactin levels and metabolic disorders. Studies were included and reviewed if they reported the association between serum prolactin and metabolic components (including waist circumference, body weight indexes, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes). Results: A total of 14 studies were included in this systematic review. Evidence for certain associations between serum prolactin levels and body weight, blood lipids, blood glucose was insufficient, while some evidence showed a positive association between serum prolactin and blood pressure. High serum prolactin levels were found to be associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women but not in men, but evidence for an exact correlation between serum prolactin and type 2 diabetes was insufficient. Conclusion: Evidence for associations between serum prolactin and metabolic profiles were insufficient. Higher serum prolactin levels might be associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Further high-quality prospective studies are required.

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Prolactin levels in functional hypothalamic amenorrhea: a retrospective case–control study

Selzer,

Ott,

Dewailly

et al. 2023

Arch Gynecol Obstet

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Purpose Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) is due to hypothalamic dysregulation. Literature lacks data about prolactin in FHA women, although both prolactin levels and FHA are associated with stress. Moreover, polycystic ovarian morphology is common in FHA and there is an association between FHA and polycystic ovary syndrome. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess prolactin levels in FHA patients and controls with a special focus on factors influencing prolactin levels, that could be considered as “sensors” of the hypothalamic–pituitary dysregulation. Methods In a retrospective cohort study, 140 women with clearly defined FHA were compared to 70 healthy, normally ovulating women matched for age. The main outcome parameter was prolactin. Factors associated with prolactin levels > 12 µg/L were tested using a multivariable binary logistic regression model. Results The median prolactin level was 11.5 µg/L (interquartile range, IQR 7.5–14.4), which was similar to the control group (median 10.7, IQR 8.3–14.5; p = 0.065). Only two women had hyperprolactinemia (prolactin > 25 µg/L; 1.4%). In a multivariable binary logistic regression model eating disorder (odds ratio, OR 0.206; p = 0.040), excessive exercise (OR 0.280; p = 0.031) and TSH (OR 1.923; p = 0.020) were significantly associated with prolactin levels > 12 µg/L. Conclusion Women with FHA have similar prolactin levels to healthy age-matched individuals. Eating disorders and excessive exercise where associated with prolactin levels < 12 µg/L, in contrast to TSH.

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Low prolactin levels are associated with visceral adipocyte hypertrophy and insulin resistance in humans

Cited by 34 publications

References 58 publications

Metabolic functions of prolactin: Physiological and pathological aspects

Metabolic functions of prolactin: Physiological and pathological aspects

Association between Serum Prolactin and Metabolic Disorders: a Systematic Review

Prolactin levels in functional hypothalamic amenorrhea: a retrospective case–control study

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