Livestock across the world: diverse animal species with complex roles in human societies and ecosystem services

Sistemas silvopastoriles: una alternativa para la ganadería bovina sostenible

“…Estudio efectuado por Noguera-Talavera (2019), menciona que actualmente en Nicaragua las prácticas agropecuarias se desarrollan en suelos degradados, con baja productividad por el manejo defi ciente y factores climáticos, por lo que se hace necesario la aplicación de métodos que promuevan la incorporación de mayor biodiversidad, resiliencia y elementos para alcanzar la sostenibilidad a actividad agropecuaria enfrenta diversos desafíos, esto se debe a la necesidad de producir alimentos con relación al crecimiento constante de la población (López et al, 2015). Se prevé que para 2050 se necesitará un aumento del 50 % al 70 % en la productividad alimentaria para alimentar a 9 000 millones de personas (Alders et al, 2021). La creciente demanda de alimentos pone una gran presión en los recursos naturales y en el uso de combustibles fósiles, esto unido a la sobre explotación de los suelos hace imperativa la implementación de estrategias agroecológicas amigables con el ambiente.…”

One Health WASH: an AMR-smart integrative approach to preventing and controlling infection in farming communities

“…7 These figures are especially significant for low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) where animal production systems contribute to nearly 40% of countries' agricultural gross domestic product and 2-33% of household incomes. 5 In this commentary, we propose an integrative approach to infection prevention and control by combining WASH and biosecurity interventions to tackle AMR in human and animal populations beyond healthcare facilities, such as in settings where people and animals interact closely.…”

“…Measures to prevent and control infections at a community level in animal agricultural settings where humans and animals live in close contact is an overlooked area ripe for a One Health approach, especially when a significant proportion of the global population is involved in small-scale, semi-intensive livestock farming. It has been estimated that around 1 billion people (about 12% of the global human population) rely on smallholder livestock production5 and about 60 million on aquaculture for their livelihoods 6. The livestock population slaughtered for meat consumption in 2018 was estimated to be as high as 82 billion animals (69 billion chickens, 1.5 billion pigs, 656 million turkeys, 574 million sheep, 479 million goats and 302 million cattle) 7.…”

Swine production: how sustainable is sustainability?

“…Livestock systems contribute over $1.4 trillion in global assets and this is expected to double in the next 20 years ( Alders, 2021 ; Tucker et al, 2013 ). Historically, economics have driven the decision-making process in swine production, and will continue to have a fundamental role to maintain economic viability/sustainability.…”