Lignans and Terpenoids from the Leaves of <i>Schisandra chinensis</i>

Liu, Guozhen; Liu, Yan; Sun, Yanping; Li, Xiao‐Mao; Xu, Zhen‐Peng; Jiang, Peng; Rong, Xiaohui; Yang, Bing‐You; Kuang, Hai‐Xue

doi:10.1002/cbdv.202000035

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The biosynthesis of terpenoids in S. chinensis is not yet known. Some recent studies have reported the identification of new triterpenoids and their bioactivity with weak or no cytotoxicity [ 46 ]. We also identified the highest abundance of transcripts related to gluconeogenesis in the transcriptome dataset of S. chinensis (Additional file 4 : Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-read transcriptome sequencing provides insight into lignan biosynthesis during fruit development in Schisandra chinensis

et al. 2022

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Background Schisandra chinensis, an ancient member of the most basal angiosperm lineage which is known as the ANITA, is a fruit-bearing vine with the pharmacological effects of a multidrug system, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, anti-osteoporosis effects. Its major bioactive compound is represented by lignans such as schisandrin. Molecular characterization of lignan biosynthesis in S. chinensis is of great importance for improving the production of this class of active compound. However, the biosynthetic mechanism of schisandrin remains largely unknown. Results To understand the potential key catalytic steps and their regulation of schisandrin biosynthesis, we generated genome-wide transcriptome data from three different tissues of S. chinensis cultivar Cheongsoon, including leaf, root, and fruit, via long- and short-read sequencing technologies. A total of 132,856 assembled transcripts were generated with an average length of 1.9 kb and high assembly completeness. Overall, our data presented effective, accurate gene annotation in the prediction of functional pathways. In particular, the annotation revealed the abundance of transcripts related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Remarkably, transcriptome profiling during fruit development of S. chinensis cultivar Cheongsoon revealed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, specific to coniferyl alcohol biosynthesis, showed a tendency to be upregulated at the postfruit development stage. Further the analysis also revealed that the pathway forms a transcriptional network with fruit ripening-related genes, especially the ABA signaling-related pathway. Finally, candidate unigenes homologous to isoeugenol synthase 1 (IGS1) and dirigent-like protein (DIR), which are subsequently activated by phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and thus catalyze key upstream steps in schisandrin biosynthesis, were identified. Their expression was increased at the postfruit development stage, suggesting that they may be involved in the regulation of schisandrin biosynthesis in S. chinensis. Conclusions Our results provide new insights into the production and accumulation of schisandrin in S. chinensis berries and will be utilized as a valuable transcriptomic resource for improving the schisandrin content.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-read transcriptome sequencing provides insight into lignan biosynthesis during fruit development in Schisandra chinensis

et al. 2022

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“…Each standard stock solution was prepared by dissolving accurately weighed amount of compound in methanol. Quercetin, kaempferol, schizandrol A, gomisin J, schizantherin A, schizandrin A, schizandrin B, and schizandrin C were used after purchasing reference materials (Chromadex, Los Angeles, CA, USA) [ 19 ]. An aliquot amount of each stock solution was mixed, and the standard mixture was diluted to a series of appropriate concentrations for the construction of calibration curves.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most phytochemical and efficacy studies have focused on fruit extracts, particularly lignans. Recently, Liu et al isolated the lignans terpenoids from S. chinensis leaves and demonstrated their potential cytotoxicity effects against MGC-803, Caco-2, and Ishikawa cell lines [ 19 ]. However, to the best of our knowledge, the anti-inflammatory and protective effects of S. chinensis leaf (SCL) extracts (SCLEs) against OA remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Schisandra chinensis Leaf Extracts and Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats and Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing in Mice

et al. 2022

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In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Schisandra chinensis leaf extracts (SCLE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, an acetic acid-induced mouse model of writhing, and a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, a 100 µg/mL dose of SCLE significantly reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Acetic acid-induced writhing responses in mice that quantitatively determine pain were significantly inhibited by SCLE treatment. In addition, SCLE significantly decreased the MIA-induced elevation in OA symptoms, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators/cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases, and cartilage damage in the serum and joint tissues. Our data demonstrated that SCLE exerts anti-osteoarthritic effects by regulating inflammation and pain and can be a useful therapeutic candidate against OA.

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“…In different types of in vitro cultures of S. chinensis and its cultivar-S. chinensis cv. Sadova we have previously found high amounts of bioactive dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans ("Schisandra chinensis lignans") and, additionally, other groups of polyphenols-phenolic acids and flavonoids (Chen et al 2020;Szopa et al 2016Szopa et al , 2017bSzopa et al , 2018bSzopa et al , 2020Liu et al 2020). These three groups of metabolites are the most valuable antioxidants, also known because of their anticancer, immunostimulant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoregenerative, cardioprotective, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, and other valuable biological activities (Nijveldt et al 2001;Heleno et al 2015;Szopa et al 2017a;He et al 2020).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schisandra henryi C. B. Clarke in vitro cultures: a promising tool for the production of lignans and phenolic compounds

Jafernik

Szopa

Barnaś

et al. 2020

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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We initiated and optimized in vitro culture conditions of the endemic Chinese plant species—Schisandra henryi C. B. Clarke. Different types of in vitro solid cultures (microshoot and callus), cultivation periods (10, 20, and 30 days), and selected concentrations of BA, IBA, GA3 (0 to 3 mg/l) in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were tested. The presence of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (schisandrin, gomisin G, schisantherin A and B, deoxyschisandrin and schisandrin C), dibenzylbutane lignans (hernicine B), aryltetralin lignans (wulignan A1 and A2, epiwulignan A1, enshicine, epienshicine and dimethylwulignan A1), and triterpenoids: kadsuric acid and schisanhenric acid was confirmed by UHPLC–MS/MS analysis. Using HPLC–DAD, the qualitative and quantitative profiles of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, phenolic acids and flavonoids in methanolic extracts from biomass were estimated. The maximum total amounts of these groups of metabolites were 873.71, 840.89 and 421.98 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The main compounds were: schisantherin B (max. 622.59 mg/100 g DW), schisantherin A (max. 143.74 mg/100 g DW), neochlorogenic acid (max. 472.82 mg/100 g DW), caftaric acid (max. 370.81 mg/100 g DW), trifolin (max. 138.56 mg/100 g DW) and quercitrin (max. 122.54 mg/100 g DW). The highest total amounts of secondary metabolites estimated in the extracts from in vitro cultures were, respectively, 13.0, 7.0, and 1.4 times higher than in the leaf extracts analyzed for comparison. This is the first report on the biosynthetic potential of cells from Schisandra henryi in vitro cultures.

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Lignans and Terpenoids from the Leaves of Schisandra chinensis

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Long-read transcriptome sequencing provides insight into lignan biosynthesis during fruit development in Schisandra chinensis

Long-read transcriptome sequencing provides insight into lignan biosynthesis during fruit development in Schisandra chinensis

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Schisandra chinensis Leaf Extracts and Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats and Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing in Mice

Schisandra henryi C. B. Clarke in vitro cultures: a promising tool for the production of lignans and phenolic compounds

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