Schisandra henryi C. B. Clarke in vitro cultures: a promising tool for the production of lignans and phenolic compounds

Abstract

We initiated and optimized in vitro culture conditions of the endemic Chinese plant species—Schisandra henryi C. B. Clarke. Different types of in vitro solid cultures (microshoot and callus), cultivation periods (10, 20, and 30 days), and selected concentrations of BA, IBA, GA3 (0 to 3 mg/l) in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were tested. The presence of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (schisandrin, gomisin G, schisantherin A and B, deoxyschisandrin and schisandrin C), dibenzylbutane lignans (hernicine B), aryltetralin lignans (wulignan A1 and A2, epiwulignan A1, enshicine, epienshicine and dimethylwulignan A1), and triterpenoids: kadsuric acid and schisanhenric acid was confirmed by UHPLC–MS/MS analysis. Using HPLC–DAD, the qualitative and quantitative profiles of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, phenolic acids and flavonoids in methanolic extracts from biomass were estimated. The maximum total amounts of these groups of metabolites were 873.71, 840.89 and 421.98 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The main compounds were: schisantherin B (max. 622.59 mg/100 g DW), schisantherin A (max. 143.74 mg/100 g DW), neochlorogenic acid (max. 472.82 mg/100 g DW), caftaric acid (max. 370.81 mg/100 g DW), trifolin (max. 138.56 mg/100 g DW) and quercitrin (max. 122.54 mg/100 g DW). The highest total amounts of secondary metabolites estimated in the extracts from in vitro cultures were, respectively, 13.0, 7.0, and 1.4 times higher than in the leaf extracts analyzed for comparison. This is the first report on the biosynthetic potential of cells from Schisandra henryi in vitro cultures.

Chromatographic and Biological Screening of Chosen Species of Schisandraceae Family: Schisandra chinensis, S. rubriflora, S. sphenanthera, S. henryi and Kadsura japonica

“…The leaves of S. henryi contained the greatest amount of chlorogenic acid (450 mg/100 g dw), followed by quercetin‐3‐O‐glucoside (318 mg/100 g dw) and quercetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside (174 mg/100 g dw). Lower results for quercetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside were obtained by Jafernik et al [39] . (25 mg/100 g dw for S. henryi leaves harvested in May and 17 mg/100 g dw harvested in September).…”

“…Lower results for quercetin-3-O-rutinoside were obtained by Jafernik et al [39] (25 mg/100 g dw for S. henryi leaves harvested in May and 17 mg/100 g dw harvested in September). S. sphenanthera had the least (among those examined) contents of these bioactive compounds: chlorogenic acid -396 mg/ 100 g dw; quercetin-3-O-rutinoside -62 mg/100 g dw and quercetin-3-O-glucoside -41 mg/100 g dw.…”

Integrative effects of stress- and stress tolerance-inducing elicitors on in vitro bioactive compounds of ajowan [Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague] medicinal plant

“…However, undifferentiated calluses are not as promising as organogenesis cultures in terms of SMs production (Santos et al 2020). The superiority of differentiated cultures over the callus culture systems, in terms of level of produced bioactive compounds, has been reported in Schisandra henryi (Jafernik et al 2020), Phellodendron chinense (He et al 2020) and Argania spinosa (L.) (Koufan et al 2020). These observations could be due to the effect of developmental factors on SMs of medicinal plants, as the major of secondary metabolites often occur at a certain stage of plant growth.…”

Polish Achievements in Bioactive Compound Production From In Vitro Plant Cultures

“…e total amount of the detected lignans is 873.71 mg/100 g DW. e main compounds are schisantherin A and B (Jafernik et al, 2020).…”