“…Once Hsu and Pomerat (1953) discovered that exposure of cultured cells to hypotonic treatment readily disperses chro mosomes, the canine diploid number was definitely established as 78 (M atthey, 1954; T akayama, 1958; A wa et ah, 1959; Moore and Lambert, 1963;Gijstavsson, 1964;Ford, 1965Ford, , 1966G ustavsson and Sundt, 1965;H are et al, 1965;Chiarelei, 1966). Although the sex chromosomes are readily recognized, differentiation of homologous pairs of autosomes by conventional staining methods is difficult since all are Supported by NIH grant GM-20138 from the U.S. Public Health Service.…”