Leaf paste aided goat skin preservation: Significant chloride reduction in tannery

Hashem, Md. Abul; Momen, Md. Abdul; Hasan, Mehedi

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2018.06.050

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The hair was intact for other four samples and there was no odor. It shows that the leaf paste acts as an antibacterial agent [17], which prevents the putrefaction of the hair root and inhibit hair fall. The possible reason of fungal growth could be the low pH or humidity.…”

Section: Preliminary Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limitations with these methods are that the preserving agents are hazardous themselves or expensive to carry out or not practically adaptable. Organic plant extract like Moringa oleifera [17] has been applied as an alternative organic preservative. Utilization of Citrus limon leaf extract [18] and extracted oil from Aphanamixis polystachya seed [19] for preservation are recent well developed approach but the preparation of the leaf and oil extract requires extra attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Preservation of Goatskin to Deplete Chloride from Tannery Wastewater

Hashem

Payel

Hasan

et al. 2021

HighTech. Innov. J.

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Globally, in wet-salting preservation, common salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is generally practiced for the raw animal skin which emits a huge amount of chloride-containing wastewater affecting groundwater quality, human and plant life. Chlorides in tannery wastewater encourage salt-free or less-salt preservation methods of raw skin. In this study, an alternative salt-free ‘green method’ has been described for goatskin preservation with rapidly growing obnoxious weeds Sphagneticola trilobata leaf. The ‘green leaf paste’ was applied on the flesh side of the raw goatskin and compared with conventional wet-salting (50% NaCl) method for 28 days. Different parameters of both sample like moisture, nitrogen, hydrothermal stability, and bacterial growth were periodically assessed and compared. Shoe upper leather was produced from both preserved goatskins. After comparing with standards, the physical properties like tensile strength, elongation at break, bursting strength satisfied the standard requirements. SEM images showed no deterioration to the fiber structure of both samples. Moreover, the suggested method reduces the pollution loads: chloride, total dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand by 98.04%, 92.9%, 90.2%, and 85.5%, respectively. The overall assessment recommends that the salt-free ‘green method’ utilizing S. trilobata leaf paste could be an attractive system over the conventional wet-salting method. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2021-02-02-03 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Preliminary Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Preservation of Goatskin to Deplete Chloride from Tannery Wastewater

Hashem

Payel

Hasan

et al. 2021

HighTech. Innov. J.

Self Cite

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“…The process starts with the selection of hides and skins after animal slaughter, followed by skin preservation. Susceptible to microbial attack, the skin and hides are preserved in salt, usually with 40 to 50 wt% of sodium chloride, preventing its putrefaction (Sarker et al 2018;Hashem, Momen, and Hasan 2018). Skin rehydration, blood, and excrements residues removal are ensured by a large amount of water, surfactants, and bactericides, added to the soaking step (Covington 2011).…”

Section: Pre-tanning Process Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the Leather Industry and Pollution Impact

Silva

2021

UPjeng

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The growing awareness of the human and environmental vulnerability, to the pollution resulting from industrial activity, highlights the urgent need for control and mitigate the degradation of the world as we know it. The leather industry, considered as one of the industries with a significant environmental impact, applies several chemicals, some of them considered as hazardous chemicals, such as chromium, in leather production. The restricted EU environmental regulations have driven the search for a process that ensures regulatory compliance and a final product that fulfills society’s requirements. The present review describes alternative options, applied in the leather tanning process in the last five years, to overcome some of the industry barriers, without compromising the final characteristics of leather.

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“…However, the sun-drying preservation technique requires more time, a warmer climate, and special arrangements (Wu et al 2017). Recently, phyto-based preservation process has increased in popularity and this method is carried out by using different natural sources, for instance Semecarpus Anacardium (Iyappan et al 2013), Tamarindus Indica (Tamil Selvi et al 2015), Moringa oleifera (Hashem et al 2018), de-oiled neem cake (Vedaraman et al 2016), and Aristolochia bracteolata L. (Vaghasiya and Chanda, 2007). Mohammad et al (2016) found that 10% of Rumex abyssinicus root with 15% of NaCl can effectively preserve goatskin for 30 days and most importantly this process can reduce the chloride content and TDS in soaking liquor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Intervention Phyto-Based Material For Raw Goatskin Preservation: A Cleaner-Sustainable Approach

Hashem¹,

Hasan

Momen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The regular practice of using sodium chloride to preserve raw animal skin triggers increasing salinity and total dissolved solids (TDS) in the surface and groundwater during rehydration soaking operations. The process disrupts the lives of animals, plants, and human beings. This paper is focused on the phyto-based short-term preservation of goatskin to reduce salinity in tannery soaking operations. The indigenous Persicaria hydropiper leaf was investigated to assess the preservation of animal skin to diminish salinity and TDS of tannery soaking wastewater. Methanol extracted leaf was characterized by GC-MS and FTIR for chemical composition analysis and affiliated functional groups. Fresh goatskins were preserved at the preliminary, laboratory, and pilot-scale scenarios to establish the best possible mixture, monitor the moisture and nitrogen content, shrinkage temperature, microorganism analysis, and pollution load at each level. The processed leathers derived from the preserved skins with an optimal mixture of 10% leaf paste with 8% salt and conventional 50% salt were tested for their physical strength. Finally, the modification in fiber structure due to the varieties of preserving chemicals was evaluated through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and detected insignificant variation of leather fibers. The findings reported in this study can be applied to the industrial level and remove certain amounts of salinity and TDS from tannery soaking wastewater.

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Leaf paste aided goat skin preservation: Significant chloride reduction in tannery

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Green Preservation of Goatskin to Deplete Chloride from Tannery Wastewater

Green Preservation of Goatskin to Deplete Chloride from Tannery Wastewater

Overview of the Leather Industry and Pollution Impact

Bio-Intervention Phyto-Based Material For Raw Goatskin Preservation: A Cleaner-Sustainable Approach

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