Kinetic studies of structure formation during anionic adiabatic polymerization of ε‐caprolactam

Frunze, T. M.; Shleifman, R.B.; Belavtseva, E. M.; Genin, Ya.V.; Volkova, Тatyana V.; Kotel’nikov, V. A.; Radchenko, L. G.; Davtyan, S. P.; Kuraschev, V. V.; Tsvankin, D.Ya.

doi:10.1002/pol.1980.180180704

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…If the average kinetic values E and n , as shown in Table 5, comply well with literature 4, 6, 15, 16. Also the adiabatic temperature during polymerisation, 51 °C, is consistent with the values found in literature 5, 9, 14, 17–21. The enthalpies of polymerisation Q 1 and crystallisation Q 2 were found to be 149.4 and 207.5 J · g −1 , respectively, and are close to the values reported by several authors 8, 9, 14, 20, 22, 23.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Novel Reaction Kinetic Model for Anionic Polyamide‐6

Teuwen

Geenen

Bersee

2012

Macro Materials & Eng

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Semi‐adiabatic temperature measurements are recorded and used to define semi‐empirical equations for the simulation and prediction of the anionic polyamide‐6 (APA‐6) reaction kinetics. The resin mixture used has a long infusion window before the reaction starts. The prediction of the induction time and its corresponding initial temperature of reaction is explored. By means of this semi‐empirical approach and an optimised fitting procedure, the reaction kinetics of APA‐6 can successfully be described. The adiabatic polymerisation can be predicted on the basis of an autocatalytic Kamal‐Sourour model for thermoset resins, and the crystallisation can be described using the isothermal crystallisation model.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Novel Reaction Kinetic Model for Anionic Polyamide‐6

Teuwen

Geenen

Bersee

2012

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…The rotational molding of nylon 6 and nylon 6/nanocomposites, via anionic polymerization of the 1-caprolactam was performed below the melting temperature of the polymer and the polymer formed showed only limited solubility in the reaction mixture [32], the open monomer units being retained by hydrogen bonds in the crystalline structure [54]. In this case the polymerization and crystallization were simultaneous parallel processes [55]. Addition of nanosized silica particles can induce crystallization of the nylon 6 matrix at higher temperatures because the filler nanoparticles can act as heterogeneous nucleation sites [21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nylon 6/SiO2Nanocomposites Synthesized by in situAnionic Polymerization

Rusu¹,

Rusu²

2006

High Performance Polymers

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In situ anionic polymerization of °-caprolactam in the presence of SiO2 and silanated SiO2nanoparticles was promoted as a route for the synthesis of two series of nylon 6/SiO2 nanocomposites. The process was performed at 160°C well below the melting temperature of the nylon 6 ( Tm ~ 225°C) and initiated/activated with sodium dicaprolactamato-bis(2-methoxyethoxo)aluminate/ N, N′[methylene-di(4,4′phenylene)bis-carbamoyl]bis- δ-caprolactam system. The nanocomposites obtained exhibit higher onset decomposition temperatures than neat nylon 6 and a tendency of reduction of the polymer yields, degree of polymerization, water absorption and melting temperatures with silica content increasing. The crystallization temperature, Tc of the nanocomposites reaches a maximum value at 2.0 wt.% of the nanoparticles. The mechanical tests of nanocomposites revealed an increase in flexural modulus as a function of filler percentage and a decrease in notched impact strength by addition of the modified silica (over 4.0 wt.%) and unmodified silica. Furthermore, the flexural strength diminishes both the treated and untreated filler content is increased for concentration of ~ 4.0 wt.%

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“…Reactive PA-6 synthesis could be characterized in bulk with an adiabatic reactor [69,70,71,72,73,74]. This approach implies monitoring the temperature of the reactive mixture in the middle of a thermally insulated vessel during polymerization and crystallization.…”

Section: The Kinetic Modeling Of Polymerization and Crystallizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Thermoplastic Resin Transfer Molding: Process Modeling and Simulation

2019

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The production and consumption of polymer composites has grown continuously through recent decades and has topped 10 Mt/year. Until very recently, polymer composites almost exclusively had non-recyclable thermoset matrices. The growing amount of plastic, however, inevitably raises the issue of recycling and reuse. Therefore, recyclability has become of paramount importance in the composites industry. As a result, thermoplastics are coming to the forefront. Despite all their advantages, thermoplastics are difficult to use as the matrix of high-performance composites because their high viscosity complicates the impregnation process. A solution could be reactive thermoplastics, such as PA-6, which is synthesized from the ε-caprolactam (ε-CL) monomer via anionic ring opening polymerization (AROP). One of the fastest techniques to process PA-6 into advanced composites is thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T-RTM). Although nowadays T-RTM is close to commercial application, its optimization and control need further research and development, mainly assisted by modeling. This review summarizes recent progress in the modeling of the different aspects of the AROP of ε-CL. It covers the mathematical modeling of reaction kinetics, pressure-volume-temperature behavior, as well as simulation tools and approaches. Based on the research results so far, this review presents the current trends and could even plot the course for future research.

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Kinetic studies of structure formation during anionic adiabatic polymerization of ε‐caprolactam

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Novel Reaction Kinetic Model for Anionic Polyamide‐6

Novel Reaction Kinetic Model for Anionic Polyamide‐6

Nylon 6/SiO2Nanocomposites Synthesized by in situAnionic Polymerization

A Review of Thermoplastic Resin Transfer Molding: Process Modeling and Simulation

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