Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of certain cephalosporins using iodate/iodide mixture

Abstract

A simple, precise and accurate kinetic spectrophotometric method for determination of cefradine anhydrous, cefaclor monohydrate, cefadroxil monohydrate, cefalexin anhydrous and cefixime in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations has been developed. The method based on a kinetic investigation of the reaction of the free carboxylic acid group of the drug with a mixture of potassium iodate and potassium iodide at room temperature to form yellow coloured triiodide ions. The reaction was followed up spectrophotometrically by measuring the increase in absorbance at 352 nm as a function of time. The initial rate, fixed time, variable time and rate-constant methods were adopted for constructing the calibration curves but fixed time method has been found to be more applicable. The analytical performance of the method, in terms of accuracy and precision, was statistically validated; the results were satisfactory. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of the studied drugs in commercial pharmaceutical formulations. Statistical comparison of the results with a well established reported method showed excellent agreement and proved that there is no significant difference in the accuracy and precision.

New valid spectrofluorimetric method for determination of selected cephalosporins in different pharmaceutical formulations using safranin as fluorophore

“…The wide use of these antibiotics in modern antimicrobial therapy is due to their enhanced intrinsic microbiological activities and favorable safety profile. Chemically cephalosporin antibiotics are derived from the 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) which composed of a β-lactam ring fused with a dihydrothaizine ring (Table 1) Several methods have been reported for the quantitative determination of the cited cephalosporins including spectrophotometry [2][3][4][5][6][7][8], spectrofluorimetry [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], chemiluminescence [15], High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [16][17][18], Thin layer chromatography [19], capillary electrophoresis (CE) [20,21] and voltammetry [22][23][24][25][26].…”

Development and Validation of a New Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Cephalexin Monohydrate in Pure Form and Pharmaceutical Formulations

“…27, No. 5,2016 studied in the range of 25-70 o C. Raising the temperature does not accelerate the oxidation process and does not give reproducible results, so the reaction was carried out at room temperature. The color produced from the reaction between the remaining unreacted Ce IV and methyl orange develops immediately.…”

“…These methods include chromatographic, 6-9 spectrofluorimetric, 10-12 atomic absorption, 13,14 capillary electrophoresis 15 and flow injection analysis. 16,17 However few spectrophotometric methods have been reported in the literature [18][19][20][21][22] for the determination of cephalexin and most reported methods involve multistep procedures, and have poor selectivity and sensitivities and narrow linear ranges. Spectrophotometry is considered as one of the most suitable analytical techniques for the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds, because of its low cost, simplicity, wide linear dynamic range and wide availability.…”

“…4 Actually cephalosporins operate by inhibiting bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. 5 In the literature a large number of analytical methods have been proposed for the determination of cephalexin in pure form, in pharmaceutical preparations, and in biological fluids. But the problems with these methods are: they 27, No.…”

Determination of Cefuroxime Axetil and Cefixime Trihydrate in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by RP-HPLC Method

“…According to literature surveys, there are different analytical methods reported for the determination of CF, CT. It includes UV-Visible spectroscopy [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], chemiluminescence [13], near infrared spectroscopy [14], potentiometry [15], polarography [16,17], HPLC [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], gel filtration chromatography [27], HPLC [28], capillary zone electrophoresis [29], LC-MS [30,31], and MS [32] methods. But no analytical methods are reported for the determination of CF, CT in dry syrup formulation using the mobile phase Triethylamine: Methanol: Acetonitrile: Ultra Pure Water (2: 10: 20: 68 v/v%) by HPLC (High Performance liquid chromatography).…”