Kajian Potensi Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L) terhadap Immunitas Non Spesifik Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) <br><i>[Potential Study of Papaya Leaf Extract (Carica papaya l) against Non-Specific Immunity of Lithopenaeus vannamei]<i>

Abstract

AbstrakDalam berbudidaya udang vaname terdapat kendala yang harus dihadapi, salah satunya adalah serangan penyakit. Upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan dapat berupa pemberian imunostimulan menggunakan ekstrak daun pepaya yang diaplikasikan dengan cara perendaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh ekstrak daun pepaya terhadap imunitas non spesifik udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan juli-agustus dengan menggunakan empat perlakuan yang diterapkan yaitu perlakuan A (0 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya), B (10 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya), C (20 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya), dan D (30 mg/l ekstrak daun pepaya). Parameter yang diuji yaitu total hemocyte count, aktivitas fagositosis, indeks fagositosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya sebagai imunostimulan dapat meningkatkan respon imun udang vaname. Konsentrasi terbaik yaitu 30 mg/l. Kata kunci : Udang vaname, Ekstrak daun pepaya, Perendaman, Imunostimulan, Respon imun non spesifik.

The Use of Immunostimulants From Papaya Leaves to Treat Disease and Increase Non-Specific Immunity in Fish and Shrimp

“…These compounds can also stimulate the production of antioxidant enzymes in the fish's body, which help protect cells from oxidative damage. Wicaksono & Dwinanti, 2019;Monica, 2017). Besides increasing the non-specific immunity of papaya leaf culture fish, it also increases the efficiency of feed utilisation, protein efficiency ratio and relative growth rate in fish culture (Isnawati, 2015).…”

“…Some advantages of using herbs as a therapeutic option are relatively mild side effects, do not contain synthetic chemicals, are easy to obtain, and are more economical (Susilowati et al, 2020) Papaya leaf extract mixed with fish feed can increase survival rate, total erythrocytes, absolute growth, haemoglobin levels and erythrocyte levels (Puspitowati et al, 2022;Absah, 2021;Lase et al, 2020). Besides being given by immersion, previous research has also proven that catfish and shrimp given papaya leaf extract can increase non-specific immunity (Adli, 2020;Wicaksono & Dwinanti, 2019;Monica, 2017).…”

“…In addition, papaya leaves contain flavonoids with antibacterial and antioxidant properties that can improve immune system function (Saras, 2023). Research conducted by Monica et al (2017) regarding the use of papaya leaf extract as an immunostimulating agent in vannamei shrimp by immersing papaya leaf extract at different concentrations. The results of this study indicated that at the highest concentration (30 mg/L), papaya leaf extract could increase vannamei shrimp nonspecific immunity.…”

“…Using immunostimulants from papaya leaves to treat diseases in fish has become an exciting research topic in aquaculture (Monica, 2017). In fish, as in humans and other animals, the immune system plays a vital role in fighting infection and disease.…”