Isolation and characterization of nanocrystalline cellulose from roselle-derived microcrystalline cellulose

Abstract

Roselle fiber is a renewable and sustainable agricultural waste enriched with cellulose polysaccharides. The isolation of Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from roselle-derived microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is an alternative approach to recover the agricultural roselle plant residue. In the present study, acid hydrolysis with different reaction time was carried out to degrade the roselle-derived MCC to form NCC. The characterizations of isolated NCC were conducted through Fourier Transform Infrared Ray (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). As evaluated from the performed morphological investigations, the needle-like shape NCC nanostructures were observed under TEM and AFM microscopy studies, while irregular rod-like shape of NCC was observed under FESEM analysis. With 60min hydrolysis time, XRD analysis demonstrated the highest NCC crystallinity degree with 79.5%. In thermal analysis by TGA and DSC, the shorter hydrolysis time tended to produce NCC with higher thermal stability. Thus, the isolated NCC from roselle-derived MCC has high potential to be used in application of pharmaceutical and biomedical fields for nanocomposite fabrication.

Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystal extracted from ramie fibers by sulfuric acid hydrolysis

“…This trend is similar to that of increasing the hydrolysis temperature (Table 1). At the reaction time more than 30 min, part of the cellulose crystalline domains of CNCs was removed due to corrosion by sulfuric acid and then resulted in the reduced crystallinity [65,66]. These findings were also in line with those found by other researchers [64,65].…”

Morphological, Release and Antibacterial Performances of Amoxicillin-Loaded Cellulose Aerogels

“…For MC (curve a), the broad absorption band located from 3200 to 3700 cm −1 corresponds to the intramolecular hydrogen bond and the hydroxyl group. The peak at 2900 cm −1 is due to the existence of CH 2 groups [ 25 ]. An absorption band at 1649 cm −1 is assigned to the bending vibrations of the primary and secondary O–H groups of cellulose [ 26 ].…”

Urease covalently immobilized on cotton-derived nanocellulose-dialdehyde for urea detection and urea-based multicomponent synthesis of tetrahydro-pyrazolopyridines in water

“…27,28 Kumar et al 24 prepared the biosensor alginate@urease and compared it with chitosan@urease for urea detection. Cellulose is a unique low-cost biopolymer, with amphiphilic properties and weak hydrogen bond issues [29][30][31] which are solvable by regioselective periodate oxidation (PO) of vicinal hydroxylated C 2 -C 3 groups, 32,33 for urease immobilization 9 on cellulose dialdehyde (CD). Nanocellulose dialdehyde (NCD) is an advanced version of CD and nanocellulose (NC) with the advantages of high surface area, high diffusion power, special mechanical properties, simple chemical access, and sustainability.…”