Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)

Stamler, Jeremiah

doi:10.1001/jama.256.20.2823

Cited by 833 publications

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“…While many previous studies have evaluated the association between cholesterol levels and CVD risk in young adults,8, 9, 10, 11 there was no randomized controlled trial targeted to young adults. Although guidelines recommend high‐intensity statin treatment in adults aged >21 years with LDL‐C ≥190 mg/dL, the benefits were extrapolated from results in middle and elderly participants because of the lack of studies in young adults 23.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, several studies have reported that high serum cholesterol in young adults is associated with cardiovascular events in the future 8, 9, 10, 11. In CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study for young people aged 18 to 30 years, the risk for coronary calcium, a strong predictor of future coronary heart disease, was elevated for those with low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) levels of more than 160 mg/dL compared with those with LDL levels of <70 mg/mL 8.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults

Jeong

Choi

Kim

et al. 2018

JAHA

109

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BackgroundAlthough high serum cholesterol in young adults is known to be a predictor for cardiovascular events, there is not enough evidence for the association of cholesterol level change with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate whether the change in cholesterol is associated with incidence of CVD among young adults.Methods and ResultsWe examined 2 682 045 young adults (aged 20–39 years) who had undergone 2 consecutive national health check‐ups provided by Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2002 and 2005. Cholesterol levels were classified into low (<180 mg/dL), middle (180–240 mg/dL) and high (≥240 mg/dL). CVD events were defined as ≥2 days hospitalization attributable to CVD for 10 years follow‐up. Increased cholesterol levels were significantly associated with elevated ischemic heart disease risk (adjusted hazard ration [aHR]=1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.03–1.42 in low‐high group and aHR=1.21; 95% CI=1.15–1.27 in middle‐high group) and cerebrovascular disease (CEVD) risk (aHR=1.24; 95% CI=1.05–1.47 in low‐high group and aHR=1.09; 95% CI=1.02–1.16 in middle‐high group). Decreased cholesterol levels were associated with reduced ischemic heart disease risk (aHR=0.91; 95% CI=0.88–0.95 in middle‐low group, aHR=0.65; 95% CI=0.56–0.75 in high‐low group and aHR=0.68; 95% CI=0.65–0.73 in high‐middle group). Furthermore, lower cerebrovascular disease risk (aHR=0.76; 95% CI=0.62–0.92) was observed in the high‐low group compared with patients with sustained high cholesterol.ConclusionsThe findings of our study indicate that increased cholesterol levels were associated with high CVD risk in young adults. Furthermore, young adults with decreased cholesterol levels had reduced risk for CVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults

Jeong

Choi

Kim

et al. 2018

JAHA

109

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“…The regular consumption of legumes is promoted by health organizations in Western countries to reduce the incidence of this disease (Leterme & Munoz, 2002). Hypercholesterolaemia is a major risk factor for CHD, shown through both prospective (Stamler et al, 1986;Anderson et al, 1987) and intervention studies (LRC-CPPT, 1984;Shepherd et al, 1995). Dietary modification remains the preferred initial treatment option for improving major lipid risk factors rather than instigating drug therapy (NCEP, 2001;Anderson, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lupin kernel fibre-enriched foods beneficially modify serum lipids in men

et al. 2004

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Objective: To examine the effect of a diet containing a novel legume food ingredient, Australian sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) kernel fibre (LKFibre), compared to a control diet without the addition of LKFibre, on serum lipids in men. Design: Randomized crossover dietary intervention study. Setting: Melbourne, Australia -Free-living men. Subjects: A total of 38 healthy males between the ages of 24 and 64 y completed the intervention. Intervention: Subjects consumed an LKFibre and a control diet for 1 month each. Both diets had the same background menus with seven additional experimental foods that either contained LKFibre or did not. Depending on energy intake, the LKFibre diet was designed to contain an additional 17 to 30 g/day fibre beyond that of the control diet. Results: Compared to the control diet, the LKFibre diet reduced total cholesterol (TC) (mean7s.e.m.; 4.571.7%; P ¼ 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (5.472.2%; P ¼ 0.001), TC: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (3.072.0%; P ¼ 0.006) and LDL-C:HDL-C (3.872.6%; P ¼ 0.003). No effects on HDL-C, triacylglycerols, glucose or insulin were observed. Conclusions: Addition of LKFibre to the diet provided favourable changes to some serum lipid measures in men, which, combined with its high palatability, suggest this novel ingredient may be useful in the dietary reduction of coronary heart disease risk.

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“…As dislipidemias são causas fundamentais de doenças coronarianas ateroscleróticas 1,7,8,10,16,30,32,34 . A prevenção dessas morbidades e dos fatores de risco, que se apresentem como determinantes ou associados às mesmas, tem aumentado consideravelmente a esperança de vida de grupos populacionais em fase produtiva, principalmente de países desenvolvidos, onde há muito se realizam pesquisas epidemiológicas, pelos estudos longitudinais e transversais, seguidas da aplicação de programas de intervenção 15,19,21 .…”

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Dislipidemias e alguns fatores de risco associados em uma população periférica da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, SP - Brasil. um estudo piloto

et al. 1989

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RESUMO: Realizou-se levantamento da prevalência de dislipidemias e alguns fatores de risco (hipertensão, obesidade e alcoolismo), em uma população típica da periferia do Município de São Paulo, SP (Brasil). A prevalência de um ou mais fatores de risco foi maior do que 50% em todos os grupos etários. No que concerne às dislipidemias propriamente ditas, foi de aproximadamente 49%, 58% e 57% nos grupos etários de 20 a 39 anos, 40 a 59 anos e 60 anos e mais, respectivamente. A dislipidemia mais freqüente foi devido a baixos níveis de HDL-colesterol, principalmente nos mais jovens, entre 29 e 39 anos. Nos outros dois grupos etários houve prevalência maior de "outras dislipidemias". A obesidade isolada ou associada foi o fator de risco mais relevante na população estudada. Levanta-se a hipótese de que as dislipidemias podem constituir-se em grave problema de Saúde Pública nas populações periféricas da cidade de São Paulo.

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Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded? Findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT)

Cited by 833 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults

Effect of Change in Total Cholesterol Levels on Cardiovascular Disease Among Young Adults

Lupin kernel fibre-enriched foods beneficially modify serum lipids in men

Dislipidemias e alguns fatores de risco associados em uma população periférica da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, SP - Brasil. um estudo piloto

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