Investigations into co-seismic deformation and strain in South Korea following the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake using GPS CORS data

Ha, Ji-Hyun; Park, Kwan-Dong; Won, Ji-Hye; Heo, Moon Beom

doi:10.1007/s12205-014-0453-y

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Previous studies suggested that dilatational deformation is dominant in South Korea (Baek et al, ; Ha et al, ; Kim et al, ); however, our data indicate that the deformation is heterogeneous (Figures b and d). In particular, areas with thinner crust tend to experience dilatational deformation during Stage B, whereas areas with thicker crust are contracting (Figures c and d), suggesting that the deformation pattern of Stage B is long‐lived, resulting in crustal thickening and thinning.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Crustal Deformation of South Korea After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake: Deformation Heterogeneity and Seismic Activity

et al. 2018

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Although the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0, 11 March 2011) occurred more than 1,000 km from South Korea, it significantly changed the magnitudes and orientations of Global Positioning System (GPS) velocity vectors in the country, which took two years to return to preearthquake values. Then, areas with relatively thick crust show contractional surface deformation, whereas areas with thinner crust show dilatation, suggesting that the deformation pattern is long-term. Although there is no one-to-one correlation between earthquakes and surface deformation, earthquakes tend to be concentrated in areas with higher shear strain rates. In South Korea, the stress field inferred from earthquake data is inconsistent with surface deformation calculated from GPS data. This may arise because stress orientations at earthquake focal depths are different from those at the surface, or surface deformation measured by GPS may represent interseismic elastic deformation leading to future large earthquakes, while recent earthquakes without surface ruptures might not contribute to the surface deformation. Some effects of crustal thickness on surface deformation and inconsistency between surface deformation from GPS data and kinematics from earthquake data may be a common feature of intraplate regions. Plain Language Summary This paper deals with surface deformation of South Korea after the 2011Tohoku-Oki earthquake (earthquake magnitude = 9.0), using Global Positioning System (GPS) data. By analyzing the relationship between deformation of crust and earthquake activity, we conclude that earthquakes in South Korea occur most commonly in areas with higher strain rates. We also show that the effects of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake on the Korean Peninsula lasted for two years after the earthquake.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Crustal Deformation of South Korea After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake: Deformation Heterogeneity and Seismic Activity

et al. 2018

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“…In addition, apparent crustal velocity differences were observed between the eastern and western regions of the Korean Peninsula. These results are consistent with results reported by Baek et al [ 15 ], Ha et al [ 16 ], and Shao et al [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…In this study, we have used some IGS stations around the world as fiducial sites when processing the GNSS data. In addition, we use Previous studies have reported that the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake strongly affected the crust of the Korean Peninsula [15][16][17]. According to the results of their investigations, an average co-seismic deformation of approximately 30 mm was observed, although the Korean Peninsula is more than 1000 km away from the epicenter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decaying Post-Seismic Deformation Observed on the Korean Peninsula Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

Sohn

Choi

Kim

et al. 2021

Sensors

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We investigated decaying post-seismic deformation observed on the Korean Peninsula associated with the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The GNSS velocity vectors were estimated in five periods from 2005 to 2019. A co-seismic offset of the Korean Peninsula caused by the 2011 earthquake was inversely proportional to epicentral distances. According to the temporal variations of two components (magnitude and direction) of the GNSS velocity vector with the epicentral distance, the difference between the eastern and western regions for the two components becomes smaller over time. For approximately nine years after the 2011 event, the direction for the crustal movement in South Korea showed a recovery pattern returning to the pre-earthquake motion. In addition, the recovery patterns of the crustal movement were observed differently with the regional geologic structure (e.g., the crustal thickness) and each period. Our estimates of the decay in post-seismic deformation of the Korean Peninsula suggest that post-seismic relaxation will be complete within 5–20 years after the 2011 earthquake. The results suggest that the crustal movement on the Korean Peninsula is gradually recovering to its pre-earthquake motion.

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“…However, the 2011 M w 9.0 Tohoku-Oki megathurst earthquake changed the seismicity in the Korean Peninsula [Hong et al, 2015]. The megathrust earthquake coseismically displaced the Korean Peninsula by 2 to 5 cm in the direction of the epicenter [Baek et al, 2012;Kim and Bae, 2012;Ha et al, 2014;Hong et al, 2015;Houng et al, 2016]. Postseismic displacement has occurred in the Korean Peninsula for several years since the megathrust earthquake [Baek et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2012;D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 12 September 2016M_L5.8 midcrustal earthquake in the Korean Peninsula and its seismic implications

Hong

Lee

Kim

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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The seismicity in the Korean Peninsula has increased since the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku‐Oki megathrust earthquake. Two strike‐slip earthquakes with magnitudes of ML5.1 and 5.8 occurred in the southeastern Korean Peninsula on 12 September 2016. The two events occurred within 48 min. The ML5.8 earthquake was the largest event in the Korean Peninsula since 1978 when national seismic monitoring began. Both events produced strong high‐frequency ground motions. More than 500 aftershocks with local magnitudes greater than or equal to 1.5 followed the events for 2 months. An unreported subsurface strike‐slip fault with a dip of 65° to the east and a strike of N27°E was responsible for the earthquakes. The fault ruptured at depths of 11–16 km, resulting in a rupture plane of ∼26 km2. The aftershock distribution displayed horizontal streaks at a depth of ∼14 km, which was consistent with the focal mechanism solutions from long‐period waveform inversion. The number of aftershocks decreased exponentially with time. The two ML5.1 and 5.8 earthquakes produced regional Coulomb stress changes of −4.9 to 2.5 bar. The spatial distribution of the aftershocks correlated with the Coulomb stress changes. The peak dynamic stress induced by strong ground motions reached 14.2 bar. The groundwater levels changed coseismically in some regions of decreased static stresses. The earthquakes on previously unidentified faults raised attention for the potential seismic hazards by earthquakes with long recurrence intervals.

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Investigations into co-seismic deformation and strain in South Korea following the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake using GPS CORS data

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Crustal Deformation of South Korea After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake: Deformation Heterogeneity and Seismic Activity

Crustal Deformation of South Korea After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake: Deformation Heterogeneity and Seismic Activity

Decaying Post-Seismic Deformation Observed on the Korean Peninsula Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

The 12 September 2016M_L5.8 midcrustal earthquake in the Korean Peninsula and its seismic implications

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Investigations into co-seismic deformation and strain in South Korea following the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake using GPS CORS data

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Crustal Deformation of South Korea After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake: Deformation Heterogeneity and Seismic Activity

Crustal Deformation of South Korea After the Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake: Deformation Heterogeneity and Seismic Activity

Decaying Post-Seismic Deformation Observed on the Korean Peninsula Following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

The 12 September 2016ML5.8 midcrustal earthquake in the Korean Peninsula and its seismic implications

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The 12 September 2016M_L5.8 midcrustal earthquake in the Korean Peninsula and its seismic implications