Investigation of additive incorporation on rheological, microstructural and mechanical properties of 3D printable alkali-activated materials

Chougan, Mehdi; Ghaffar, Seyed Hamidreza; Sikora, Paweł; Chung, Sang-Yeop; Rucińska, Teresa; Stephan, Dietmar; Albar, Abdulrahman; Swash, Mohammad Rafiq

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2021.109574

Cited by 66 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Lee et al [ 92 ] tested the effect of different printing speeds (5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 cm/s) upon the width of the printed filament and observed that as the printing speed increased from 5 to 7.5 cm/s, 10 cm/s, and 12.5 cm/s, and the width of the filament decreased by 28%, 42%, and 51%, correspondingly. The shape retention capability of concrete can be increased by the addition of nano-additives [ 36 , 91 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ].…”

Section: Printing Process Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chougan et al reported an increase in yield stress, shape retention, and buildability of alkali-activated cementitious materials with the addition of nano-attapulgite clay particles. In their study, the substitution of 1% of alkali-activated printable materials with nano-attapulgite was recommended for optimum printability performance of active alkali materials [ 95 ]. Panda et al [ 96 ] added 0.1–0.5% nano-attapulgite clay in printable mixes.…”

Section: Printable MIX Designs and Influence Of Concrete Ingredients On Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in flexural performance of fiber-reinforced printable mixes has been associated with the alignment of the fibers along the printing direction at the extruding nozzle [ 61 ]. Fibers prevent the microcracks development into macrocracks and stitch together cracked-printed concrete parts, consequently increasing the flexural strength [ 95 , 188 ]. Alignment of fibers with the printing direction increases in the case of using smaller-sized nozzles and higher dosage of fibers.…”

Section: Anisotropy In Mechanical Properties Of 3d-printed Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basalt fibers resisted the conversion of microcracks into macrocracks due to the crack bridging effect under external loads. Chougan et al [ 95 ] investigated the influence of poly-vinyl alcohol fibers on the mechanical properties of printed geopolymer concrete. Test results showed that the addition of 0.25% poly-vinyl alcohol fibers increased the compressive and flexural strength by 10% and 24%, respectively, compared to reference samples.…”

Section: Reinforcement Strategies For Concrete 3d Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Concrete Printing: A Systematic Review of Rheology, Mix Designs, Mechanical, Microstructural, and Durability Characteristics

Rehman

Kim

2021

Materials

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This paper provides a state-of-the-art report on the up-to-date research on the emerging 3D concrete printing technology from the concrete materials perspective. It reviews the recent research focused on understanding and characterizing the rheological necessities of the concrete printing process and discusses how the researchers are tailoring compatible mix proportions for the 3D concrete printing process by using eco-friendly binders, waste aggregates, chemical admixtures, and nano-additives. This paper systematically evaluates anisotropic behavior in the mechanical properties of printed concrete and establishes an order for anisotropic behavior in the compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths along three different axes (X, Y, and Z axes) of printed concrete. It evaluates the ratio of flexural strength to the compressive strength of printed concrete along the above three axes. This article explains the influence of variation of printing process parameters on the mechanical properties and discusses reinforcement approaches used for increasing structural performance. The microstructure at the interface of adjacent layers and also at the interface of the reinforcement-cement matrix is discussed. The recent research on the durability performance of printed concrete is critically discussed and future research needs for 3D concrete printing are identified in this paper.

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Section: Printing Process Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Printable MIX Designs and Influence Of Concrete Ingredients On Rheologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anisotropy In Mechanical Properties Of 3d-printed Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reinforcement Strategies For Concrete 3d Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Concrete Printing: A Systematic Review of Rheology, Mix Designs, Mechanical, Microstructural, and Durability Characteristics

Rehman

Kim

2021

Materials

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“…The addition of FAG is a good choice for making high-strength and durable PCPC [50]. Geopolymer [66] and nanoadditives [67] will also be considered to design PCPC in the future work. Figure 13 shows the microstructures of 8% FAG PCPC.…”

Section: Microstructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deterioration of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete in Sponge Cities Subjected to Acid Rain

Gao

Lai²,

Pramanic

et al. 2021

Materials

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The deterioration of Portland cement pervious concrete (PCPC) subjected to wet-dry cycles in the simulated acid rain solution was investigated; 4% silica fume (SF) and 8% fine aggregate (FAG) were used to replace part of cement and the coarse aggregates (weight by weight), respectively. The wear resistance, the compressive, and flexural strength of PCPC were measured. The results show that after 12 wet-dry cycles in acid rain solution the compressive strength and the flexural strength of control PCPC are decreased by 30.7% and 40.8%. The final compressive strength of PCPC with 4% SF and PCPC with 8% FAG is increased by 6.9% and 30.3%, and the final flexural strength is increased by 25.4% and 72.3%, respectively. The wear loss of PCPC is decreased by 58.8% and 81.9% when 4% SF and 8% FAG is added to PCPC, respectively. The microstructures of PCPC with wet-dry cycles are also discussed.

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3D Printable Geopolymer Composites Reinforced with Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials – A Review

Basha

Rehman

Khalid

et al. 2023

The Chemical Record

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Three‐dimensional (3D) geopolymer printing (3DGP) technology is a rapidly evolving digital fabrication method used in the construction industry. This technology offers significant benefits over 3D concrete printing in terms of energy saving and reduced carbon emissions, thus promoting sustainability. 3DGP technology is still evolving, and researchers are striving to develop high‐performance printable materials and different methods to improve its robustness and efficiency. Carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) with beneficial properties have a wide range of applications in various fields, including as concrete/geopolymer systems in construction. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress on carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) used to develop extrusion‐based 3D geopolymer printing (3DGP) technology, including dispersion techniques, mixing methods, and the materials′ performance. The rheological, mechanical, durability, and other characteristics of these materials are also examined. Furthermore, the existing research limitations and the prospects of using 3DGP technology to produce high‐quality composite mixtures are critically evaluated.

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Investigation of additive incorporation on rheological, microstructural and mechanical properties of 3D printable alkali-activated materials

Cited by 66 publications

References 51 publications

3D Concrete Printing: A Systematic Review of Rheology, Mix Designs, Mechanical, Microstructural, and Durability Characteristics

3D Concrete Printing: A Systematic Review of Rheology, Mix Designs, Mechanical, Microstructural, and Durability Characteristics

Deterioration of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete in Sponge Cities Subjected to Acid Rain

3D Printable Geopolymer Composites Reinforced with Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials – A Review

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