Deterioration of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete in Sponge Cities Subjected to Acid Rain

Gao, Longxin; Lai, Yong; Pramanic, Mohammad Rashadul Islam; Zhang, Wuman

doi:10.3390/ma14102670

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Industrialization and constant development in the major global urban axes lead to serious problems of environmental pollution, including potentiating the occurrence of acid rain. A given event causes economic losses of great proportions by corrosion to the products of civil engineering with a great focus on the deterioration of the rocky surfaces of several buildings, modern or historical, and on monuments that are the cultural heritage of society (GAO, 2021;YU, 2021;RODRIGUEZ, 2023).…”

Section: Buildings and Monumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is often presented with sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur trioxide (SO3), nitric acid (HNO3), and even sulfuric acid (H2SO4), which react with the silicates present in the structure and corrode from the outside in. There are great examples of iconic world heritage sites damaged by the effects of acid rain, they are the Taj Mahal in India and the Statue of Liberty in New York in the United States of America (FATIMA et al, 2020;GAO, 2021).…”

Section: Buildings and Monumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This brings great concerns because the concrete in a building has a structural supporting role. Therefore, aiming at greater safety of concrete and buildings in an environment that contains corrosive events from acid rain, it is essential to judge the design characteristics of concrete within its useful life (FATIMA et al, 2020;GAO, 2021;YU, 2021;GONCALVES, 2022).…”

Section: Buildings and Monumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Factors and consequences of acid rain incidence

Leal¹,

Silva²,

Mergulhão³

et al. 2023

A Look at Development

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In the mid-seventeenth century in England, at the epicenter of the Industrial Revolution, due to high air pollution, observations were initiated on rainfall with acid content that harmed ecosystems. With industrial advancement on a global scale, acid rain has become frequent in many parts of the world. Acid rain results from chemical reactions, mostly mediated by anthropogenic actions such as industrial activities that cause the emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) into the atmosphere, and produce strong acids such as sulfuric acid (H 2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3). These cause various damages to human health as well as damage to the air, in the aquatic environment, attacking the soils, agriculture, buildings, and monuments. There are several international and national instruments to regulate guidelines that prevent polluting activities and thus try to mitigate the negative effects of acid rain, the most recent being the Sustainable Development Orders (SDGs). Despite the existing policies, it is necessary to impose more on sustainable regiments and to encourage research on the subject so that, together, it acts more severely against the effects of acid rain around the world. This research presents the concept of acid rain, exposure to risk factors, consequences, and reflections on the challenges of managing acid rain.

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Section: Buildings and Monumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Buildings and Monumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Buildings and Monumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Factors and consequences of acid rain incidence

Leal¹,

Silva²,

Mergulhão³

et al. 2023

A Look at Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mostly in the near future, such a rise in carbon emissions could make a significant contribution to unfavorable climatic changes. To minimize the negative impact on the environment as well as energy use, several supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) as partial replacements for cement are continuously being developed [11][12][13][14]. The pozzolanic assets of SCMs cause the reaction with Ca(OH) 2 (Calcium Hydroxide) and water to form C-S-H (Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates) [15], which is analogous to the C-S-H formed during the hydration process of cement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Pervious Concrete Containing Diatomaceous Earth as Supplementary Cementitous Materials for Pavement Applications

Alex¹,

Jose²,

Saberian

et al. 2022

Materials

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Portland cement porous concrete (PCPC) has received immense interest recently due to its environmental aids. Its porous structure helps to reduce the water runoff amount while improving the recharge of groundwater. Earlier studies have concentrated on illustrating and knowing the functional as well as structural properties of PCPC. However, very few studies are available on PCPC in combination with natural silica sources as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Most SCMs are by-products of industrial manufacturing processes and cause some environmental concerns, but with their pozzolanic effect, they could be utilized as partial substitute materials for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to enhance the strength as well as durability performance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of diatomaceous earth (DE) as a supplementary cementitious material for partial substitution of OPC for Portland cement porous concrete application. Compression strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests were performed to determine the effect of partial replacement. To investigate the impact of test variables, basic tests, including void content and water permeability, were also performed. Compared to the control concrete, the results show that a 15% replacement of cement with DE significantly increased the compressive strength (by 53%) while also providing adequate porosity and better water permeability. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) and regression analysis showed that there is a significant (p < 0.05) growth within the physical characteristics of concrete upon the replacement of cement by 15% DE. Collectively, the replacement of cement with DE could not only improve the concrete strength but also reduce the consumption of cement, thereby lessening the cost of construction as well as indirectly reducing the carbon footprint.

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“…It is obvious from Figure 1 (https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/) that acid precipitation is mainly distributed in Europe, North America and East Asia, where the world's major cities and populations are concentrated. Coincidentally, areas of low temperature (January) have a similar distribution to acid precipitation areas (Gao et al 2021). Under the coupling effect of acid precipitation and low service temperature, the working performance of drainage asphalt pavement is inevitably affected (Lee et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopically analyzed interface behavior characteristics of acid precipitation on asphalt surface

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Water Science and Technology

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It is generally believed that the interaction between acid precipitation and asphalt has an effect on the performance of drainage asphalt pavement, but studies on the interface behavior characteristics from microscopic analysis were rare. Therefore, molecular dynamics (MD) was used to simulate the interfacial transition zone of precipitation (neutral and acid) and asphalt in the study, and the interfacial behavior characteristics of precipitation on asphalt surface were microscopically analyzed. Additionally, the composition of acid precipitation was configured in the laboratory, and the Contact Angles of precipitation solutions (SO42− and NO3−) on asphalt surface also verified the interface behavior characteristics between acid precipitation and asphalt. The results show that the interaction of acid precipitation and asphalt is stronger than that of neutral precipitation, which makes it more difficult to remove on the surface of drainage asphalt pavement. With the increase of service temperature for drainage asphalt pavement, the interaction energy increases. Under the coupling effect of acid precipitation and low service temperature, water damage of drainage asphalt pavement is more easily induced. The results reveal the micro-effect of acid precipitation and service temperature on drainage efficiency of asphalt surface, which has certain theoretical significance and practical value for the application and exploration of drainage asphalt pavement.

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Deterioration of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete in Sponge Cities Subjected to Acid Rain

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Factors and consequences of acid rain incidence

Factors and consequences of acid rain incidence

Green Pervious Concrete Containing Diatomaceous Earth as Supplementary Cementitous Materials for Pavement Applications

Microscopically analyzed interface behavior characteristics of acid precipitation on asphalt surface

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