Investigation of accelerated neutral atom beams created from gas cluster ion beams

Kirkpatrick, A. R.; Kirkpatrick, Sean; Walsh, Michael J.; Chau, Siu-Cheung; Mack, M.; Harrison, S.; Svrluga, R.; Khoury, Joseph T.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2012.11.084

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The downside to PEEK, however, is that its inherent inert surface does not promote or conduct bone attachment . We have developed a novel accelerated particle beam in which the atoms that collide with a surface carry no charge, we call this technology Accelerated Neutral Atom Beam (ANAB) . This type of processing leaves no atom residuals in or on the surface, therefore, ANAB may not be considered a coating technique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For in vitro studies, medical grade PEEK films (0.2 mm thick; Solvay Plastics), or medical grade PEEK sheets (1 mm thick; Solvay Plastics) were cut to 1 cm diameters and cleaned in 70% isopropanol for 30 min followed by 3 × 15 min washes in deionized H 2 O. PEEK was prepared as control or treated by ANAB using Ar gas on an accelerated particle beam system (nAccel 100, Exogenesis Corp.) with a deflector to remove charged clusters as described in detail previously . Briefly, Ar gas is flowed at 200 SCCM through a 100 µm diameter nozzle to create weakly bonded clusters consisting of a few hundred to about a thousand Ar atoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… and for recent reviews). ANAB is unique in that it has an extremely shallow penetration without causing any sub‐surface damage beyond 2 to 3 nm . This shallow penetration is a major step forward compared with the deeper surface alteration of other techniques such as plasma and UV (>100 nm) and GCIB (∼10 nm) which may result in weakening of the bulk properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced bioactivity and osseointegration of PEEK with accelerated neutral atom beam technology

Khoury

Maxwell

Cherian

et al. 2015

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is growing in popularity for orthopedic, spinal, and trauma applications but has potential significant limitations in use. PEEK is biocompatible, similar in elasticity to bone, and radiolucent, but is inert and therefore does not integrate well with bone. Current efforts are focusing on increasing the bioactivity of PEEK with surface modifications to improve the bone-implant interface. We used a novel Accelerated Neutral Atom Beam (ANAB) technology to enhance the bioactivity of PEEK. Human osteoblast-like cells seeded on ANAB-treated PEEK result in significantly enhanced proliferation compared with control PEEK. Cells grown on ANAB-treated PEEK increase osteogenic expression of ALPL (1.98-fold, p < 0.002), RUNX2 (3.20-fold, p < 0.002), COL1A (1.94-fold, p < 0.015), IBSP (2.78-fold, p < 0.003), and BMP2 (1.89-fold, p < 0.004). Cells grown on these treated surfaces also lead to an increased mineralization (6.4-fold at 21 days, p < 0.0005). In an ovine study, ANAB-treated PEEK implants resulted in enhanced bone-in-contact by 3.09-fold (p < 0.014), increased push-out strength (control 1959 ± 1445 kPa; ANAB 4068 ± 1197 kPa, p < 0.05), and evidence of bone ingrowth at both the early (4 weeks) and later (12 weeks) time points. Taken together, these data suggest that ANAB treatment of PEEK has the potential to enhance its bioactivity, leading to bone formation and significantly decreasing osseointegration time of orthopedic and spinal implants. ANAB treatment, therefore, may significantly enhance the performance of PEEK medical implants and lead to improved clinical outcomes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 531-543, 2017.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced bioactivity and osseointegration of PEEK with accelerated neutral atom beam technology

Khoury

Maxwell

Cherian

et al. 2015

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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show abstract

“…In other applications, GCIB is being employed to modify surfaces of various materials used in biomedical devices with objectives of improving biological responses to the surfaces of the devices, for example to promote faster healing, more rapid bone growth, stronger integration, etc [30]. As examples, Teflon is not cytocompatible, i.e., it is a material to which cells such as osteoblasts (bone cells) normally cannot attach.…”

Section: Bio-materials Surface Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new concept known as accelerated neutral atom beam (ANAB) has recently been reported [30]. In an ANAB system, a modified GCIB configuration is employed to produce intense beams of energetic neutral atoms with controllable average energies ranging from less than 10 eV to more than 100 eV.…”

Section: Bio-materials Surface Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and applications of cluster ion beam technology

Yamada

Matsuo

Toyoda

et al. 2015

Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science

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Augmenting the bioactivity of polyetheretherketone using a novel accelerated neutral atom beam technique

et al. 2016

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ANAB treatment increased the surface hydrophilicity [91.74 ± 4.80° (PEEK) vs. 74.82 ± 2.70° (ANAB PEEK), p < 0.001] but did not alter the surface roughness. Metabolic activity and proliferation for all cell types significantly increased on ANAB PEEK compared to PEEK (p < 0.05). Significantly increased cell attachment was measured on ANAB PEEK surfaces. MSCs seeded on ANAB PEEK in the presence of osteogenic media, expressed increased levels of ALP compared to untreated PEEK (p < 0.05) CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that ANAB treatment increased the cell attachment, metabolic activity, and proliferation on PEEK. ANAB treatment may improve the osteointegration of PEEK implants. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 1438-1446, 2017.

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Investigation of accelerated neutral atom beams created from gas cluster ion beams

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Enhanced bioactivity and osseointegration of PEEK with accelerated neutral atom beam technology

Enhanced bioactivity and osseointegration of PEEK with accelerated neutral atom beam technology

Progress and applications of cluster ion beam technology

Augmenting the bioactivity of polyetheretherketone using a novel accelerated neutral atom beam technique

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