Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: differential diagnosis with contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Chen, Li-Da; Xu, Hui‐Xiong; Xie, Xian-Jin; Xie, Xiaohua; Xu, Zuo-Feng; Liu, Guangjian; Wang, Zhu; Lin, Manxia; Lü, Ming-De

doi:10.1007/s00330-009-1599-8

Cited by 160 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the portal phase, most of the ICC was hypo-enhanced and appeared as punched-out defects ( Figure 4) [58,59] . CEUS is also useful for differentiating ICC from HCC based on the enhancement pattern [60] .…”

Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Wong

Xu²,

Xie³

2009

WJR

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Patients with liver cirrhosis are at increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Conventional or baseline ultrasound (BUS) is often used as the first-line tool for HCC surveillance or detection, but the accuracy of BUS in HCC detection or differentiation from other focal liver lesions (FLLs) is limited. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) represents a recent revolution in the field of ultrasonography and it has become increasingly important in the detection and evaluation of FLLs. In CEUS, HCC typically exhibits arterial hyper-enhancement and portal-venous washout represented by hypoenhanced lesions in the portal venous and late phases. The detection rate of HCC was significantly higher with CEUS compared with BUS. Even regenerative or some dysplastic nodules may exhibit arterial hyperenhancement as they are differentiated from HCC by its iso-enhancing pattern in portal and late phases. The contrast-enhancement patterns of other different types of benign and malignant FLLs, as well as their detection rates with CEUS, were also discussed.

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Section: A B Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Wong

Xu²,

Xie³

2009

WJR

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“…8,9 However, very few studies have described the imaging appearance of ICC by CEUS, and in most cases they included large tumors in noncirrhosis patients. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] For that reason there is no accurate information regarding the appearance of ICC after CEUS in cirrhosis patients, and particularly in small nodules detected during screening. In this setting the diagnostic difficulties may be higher and, as previously mentioned, it is key to distinguish between HCC and ICC to permit a proper treatment indication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis patients may display a vascular pattern similar to hepatocellular carcinoma on contrast-enhanced ultrasound

et al. 2010

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“…In portal phase, it presents complete wash out staying hypoenhanced. Even though there are many ultrasound patterns, the use of CEUS helps to differentiate between cholangiocarcinoma and HCC [20] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis and characterization of focal hepatic lesions

Molins¹

2010

WJR

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The extensive use of imaging techniques in differential diagnosis of abdominal conditions and screening of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatic diseases, has led to an important increase in identification of focal liver lesions. The development of contrastenhanced ultrasound (CEUS) opens a new window in the diagnosis and follow-up of these lesions. This technique offers obvious advantages over the computed tomography and magnetic resonance, without a decrease in its sensitivity and specificity. The new second generation contrast agents, due to their intravascular distribution, allow a continuous evaluation of the enhancement pattern, which is crucial in characterization of liver lesions. The dual blood supply in the liver shows three different phases, namely arterial, portal and late phases. The enhancement during portal and late phases can give important information about the lesion's behavior.Each liver lesion has a different enhancement pattern that makes possible an accurate approach to their diagnosis. The role of emerging techniques as a contrastenhanced three-dimensional US is also discussed. In this article, the advantages, indications and technique employed during CEUS and the different enhancement patterns of most benign and malignant focal liver lesions are discussed.

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Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: differential diagnosis with contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Abstract: CEUS improves the diagnostic performance significantly in the differentiation between ICC and HCC.

Cited by 160 publications

References 35 publications

Detection of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Detection of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhosis patients may display a vascular pattern similar to hepatocellular carcinoma on contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis and characterization of focal hepatic lesions

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