Intoxicações por plantas em ruminantes no Brasil e no Uruguai: importância econômica, controle e riscos para a saúde pública

Riet-Correa, Franklin; Medeiros, Rosane M.T.

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2001000100008

Cited by 92 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A ocorrência de intoxicações por plantas no Brasil tem sido largamente estudada sendo bem conhecidas as espé-cies ou gêneros que causam grandes prejuízos econômicos anuais para a pecuária (Riet-Correa & Medeiros 2001, Pessoa et al 2013. No entanto, algumas intoxicações apesar de não ocorrerem todos os anos podem causar prejuízos consideráveis por não serem bem conhecidas por produtores e veterinários como o caso do presente surto de intoxicação por A. hybridus.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Intoxicação espontânea por Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae) em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Stigger¹,

Marcolongo-Pereira²,

Adrien³

et al. 2013

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The morbidity rate observed was 48.33%, the mortality rate was 41.66% and lethality rate was 86.20%. The diagnosis of A. hybridus poisoning was made based on the epidemiological data, clinical signs, macroscopic and histological lesions characteristic of intoxication by nephrotoxic plants and by the presence of large amounts of the plant in the area where cattle were placed. Invasion of Brachiaria sp. pasture by A. hybridus alerts for the possibility of the occurrence of poisoning not only in stubble areas with lack of forage. In the case reported here there was abundant forage availability in the area where the outbreak occurred. Favorable climatic conditions and fertile soil for planting pasture, probably favored the growth of this invasive species. RESUMO.-Descreve-se um surto de intoxicação por Amaranthus hybridus ocorrido em bovinos em fevereiro/março de 2013 na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. A morbidade foi de 48,33%, a mortalidade de 41,66% e a letalidade 86,20%. O diagnóstico da intoxicação por A. hybridus foi baseado nos dados epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos, achados de necropsia e lesões histológicas características da intoxicação por plantas nefrotóxicas e pela presença da planta em grande quantidade na área onde estavam os bovinos.A invasão da pastagem de Brachiaria sp. pela planta alerta para a possibilidade da ocorrência da intoxicação não somente em áreas de resteva com carência de forragem, uma vez que no surto relatado neste trabalho havia abundante disponibilidade de forragem nas áreas onde os bovinos se intoxicaram. No presente caso provavelmente as boas condições climáticas e o solo fertilizado para a plantação da pastagem favoreceram o crescimento da invasora. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Plantas tóxicas, caruru, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthaceae, plantas nefrotóxicas, intoxicação por plantas, bovinos.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Intoxicação espontânea por Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae) em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Stigger¹,

Marcolongo-Pereira²,

Adrien³

et al. 2013

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…Among these are use as forage of less toxic (lower content of saponins) species o Brachiaria, like B. brizantha and B. humidicola (Riet-Correa & Medeiros 2001 in which the concentrations of protodioscin are respectively 0,84% ±0,28 and 0,11% ±0,02 (Barbosa-Ferreira et al 2011). However this is not completely safe since B. brizantha may, at times, accumulate concentrations of saponins high enough to cause intoxication in sheep (Albernaz et al 2010, Faccin et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative measure of control is the identification of animals resistant to the intoxication by Brachiaria spp. (Riet-Correa & Medeiros 2001) since it has already been reported that within one given herd there may be animals with different degrees of susceptibility (Castro et al 2007, Saturnino et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of lamb flocks susceptible and resistant against Brachiaria poisoning

et al. 2016

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This study was designed to assess the influence of genetic resistance against brachiaria poisoning in sheep. Two groups of sheep, one identified as susceptible (formed by two ewes and one ram) and the other as resistant against brachiaria poisoning (formed by three ewes and one ram) were selected. Sheep considered susceptible were those that presented clinical signs of brachiaria poisoning at any time of their life; resistant sheep were those that even raised on Brachiaria spp. pastures, did not developed any sign of the poisoning during their life. The offspring of the two flocks (15 lambs from the sensitive flock and 9 lambs from the resistant flock) were placed into brachiaria pasture (initially Brachiaria decumbens and B. brizantha,and only B. decumbens after weaning) and followed up during two years (2013)(2014). The determination of protodioscin levels in B. decumbens pasture was performed only in 2014 and revealed significant amounts of the toxic principle. Eleven lambs of the susceptible group were affected to some degree of brachiaria poisoning and six died; no lamb of the resistant group was affected. Clinical signs consisted of varying degrees of subcutaneous edema of the face and, erythema and loss of hair of the ears, crusts on the skin of ears, around the eyes and on planum nasale, scar deformation of the ears, and bilateral ocular discharge; affected lambs also sought for shadowy shelters and they were poor doers. Several sheep recovered from the condition and then relapsed. Necropsy findings in six lambs included pale mucous membranes, emaciation, dermatitis, scar deformation of the ears, large yellow livers with marked lobular pattern, and moderate infestation by Haemonchus contortus. Histologically the liver lesions were similar in all necropsied lambs but with varying degrees of severity; they were consistent with brachiaria poisoning and included architectural disruption of hepatocellular trabecula, clusters of foamy macrophages occasionally forming multinucleated giant cells, swollen and vacuolated hepatocytes, crystals or negative images of crystals in the biliary system, bilestasis, bile duct proliferation and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in portal triads. The skin lesions were those of photodermatitis and included epidermal necrosis, hyperkeratosis and dermal neutrophilic infiltrate. The results of this study allow to conclude that there is a genetic related resistance to brachiaria poisoning in sheep since the progeny of resistant sheep did not manifest the poisoning.

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“…Entretanto, a aplicação das medidas supracitadas nem sempre é viável, de modo que há um crescente interesse por parte dos produtores no investimento em métodos profiláticos alternativos (Riet-Correa & Medeiros 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo sobre a sensibilidade dos caprinos à toxidez de crotalárias tóxicas para bovinos visando a sua utilização na profilaxia

et al. 2015

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RESUMO.-A intoxicação por plantas é sabidamente uma das principais causas de morte de bovinos adultos no Brasil. Uma vez que pouco pode ser feito no que diz respeito ao tratamento destas intoxicações, os esforços devem se concentrar na adoção de medidas profiláticas alternativas, como a utilização de uma espécie menos sensível no local de Plant poisoning is known to be one of the most important causes of death of adult cattle in Brazil. As there are not many possibilities for treatment, all efforts must focus on application of alternative prophylactic measures, among them the use of a less sensitive animal species in areas of the occurrence of certain plants. This study aimed to ascertain the sensibility of goats to crotalarias (Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria juncea), so that this animal species could be used as a prophylactic measure against those plants poisonous for cattle. Single or daily doses of seeds of Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria juncea were given to eight young adult goats of both sexes divided randomly in two groups of four goats, e.g. one group for each plant. None of the four goats that received seeds of Crotalaria juncea developed clinical sings of poisoning or showed changes in the biochemistry examination. Out of the four goats that received seeds of Crotalaria spectabilis, three died. One goat received a 20g/kg single dose of seeds and developed signs of acute poisoning. Postmortem and histopathological examination revealed marked centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis. The other two goats developed chronic poisoning by the administration of 2g/kg daily doses of seeds for 35 and 150 days respectively. One goat showed severe interstitial pneumonia and mild hepatic lesions, while the other goat presented only chronic hepatic lesions. Both goats showed transient changes in the biochemistry examination. The fourth goat received a 10g/kg single dose of seeds and did not develop significant clinical or biochemical changes. The results of the present study showed that goats are not indicated to be used as a prophylactic measure against poisoning by Crotalaria spectabilis, but can be recommended as a prophylactic measure against poisoning by Crotalaria juncea.

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Intoxicações por plantas em ruminantes no Brasil e no Uruguai: importância econômica, controle e riscos para a saúde pública

Cited by 92 publications

References 5 publications

Intoxicação espontânea por Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae) em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Intoxicação espontânea por Amaranthus hybridus (Amaranthaceae) em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Identification of lamb flocks susceptible and resistant against Brachiaria poisoning

Estudo sobre a sensibilidade dos caprinos à toxidez de crotalárias tóxicas para bovinos visando a sua utilização na profilaxia

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