Intervenção Breve para Redução do Consumo de Álcool e suas Consequências em Estudantes Universitários Brasileiros

Abstract

ResumoO aumento do consumo de álcool entre universitários tem gerado preocupações nos estudiosos da área que buscam intervenções preventivas efi cazes à diminuição desse consumo. Este estudo avaliou o padrão de consumo de álcool e suas consequências, antes e após a aplicação da intervenção BASICS (Brief Alcohol Screnning and Intervention for College Students) em uma amostra de universitários brasileiros, sendo em sua maioria estudantes do sexo feminino (53,1%) e da faixa etária de 18 a 24 anos (84,4%). Foram utilizados os instrumentos The Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test (AUDIT) e o Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) para caracterização do consumo de álcool e levantamento de suas consequências. Os que pontuaram acima de oito no AUDIT foram convidados a participar de um grupo experimental ou controle. A análise dos dados revelou que não houve diferença estatisticamente signifi cativa entre os grupos após a intervenção. Em ambos os grupos houve: diminuição das doses consumidas, menos prática de binge drinking e redução de algumas das consequências negativas. Tal resultado indica uma importante contribuição na área e sugere que o levantamento do padrão de consumo de álcool e o seu respectivo feedback pode gerar efeitos positivos na diminuição do consumo de álcool, assim como das suas consequências entre estudantes universitários. Palavras-chave: Estudantes universitários, abuso de álcool, intervenção precoce, prevenção. AbstractThe increase in alcohol consumption among college students has increased concerns among researchers seeking effective preventive interventions to decrease their consumption. This study assessed the pattern of alcohol consumption and its consequences before and after applying the BASICS intervention (Brief Alcohol Screnning and Intervention for College Students) in a sample of Brazilian university, with mostly female students (53.1%) aged between 18 and 24 years (84.4%). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test (AUDIT) and Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI) tools were used to characterize alcohol consumption and its consequences. Those who scored above eight on the AUDIT were invited to participate in an experimental or control group. Data analysis revealed no statistically signifi cant difference between groups. In both groups there were: a decrease in used dosages, less practice of binge drinking, and decrease in some negative consequences. This result indicates an important contribution in the area and suggests that the screening of alcohol consumption pattern and its respective feedback can generate positive effects in the reduction of alcohol consumption, as well as its consequences among college students.

Intervenções psicológicas com universitários em serviços de apoio ao estudante

“…Nesse campo de investigação, o do sofrimento e adoecimento psicológico em acadêmicos, destacam-se também os trabalhos que apontam para o uso abusivo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas entre a população universitária, como forma de enfrentar os desafios vivenciados no ensino superior (Eckschmidt, Andrade, & Oliveira, 2013;Zeferino et al, 2015). Assim, são necessários programas de intervenção que possam oferecer suporte a essa população, mediante oferta de serviços psicológicos voltados para o desenvolvimento de habilidades específicas requeridas na vida profissional e pessoal do acadêmico, diminuindo fatores de risco para o adoecimento e contribuindo para sua saúde mental (Ferreira, Oliveira, & Vandenberg, 2014;Lantyer, Varanda, Souza, Padovani, & Viana, 2016;Silva & Tucci, 2015).…”

Factors associated with a fantastic lifestyle in Brazilian college students - a multilevel analysis

“…, who estimated a prevalence of 15% for bingedrinking in the U.S. population. Therefore, alcohol consumption in this population has been a causefor concern and for the search of effective interventions for reducing consumption, as well as the problems and consequences associated with lifestyle 27 .…”

“…Another negative aspect of bingedrinking among undergraduates is that, because of such practice, they are more likely to perform poorly and neglect university activities, demonstrating that alcohol consumption may interfere with academic commitment and achievement 8,[24][25][26][27][28] .…”

“…On the other hand, studies show that, despite the knowledge about the existing risks of bingedrinking, these young people continue to use alcohol for alleviation of stressful situations 8,[29][30][31][32] , rapid changesin the routine, and anxiety, and for the establishment of new friendships, as alcohol allows them to enter this new academic social environment, making them more susceptible to binge drinking 27,31,33 .…”

Impact of brief intervention and art therapy for alcohol users

“…Brief intervention was created as a therapeutic approach to alcohol-dependent patients, seeking to stimulate the interruption or decrease in the consumption of alcohol and/or other drugs. Currently, BI presents techniques and strategies that can vary according to the professional who will apply it, as well as its duration, goals and application context (3)(4)(5) . After the consolidation of BI as an effective technique, a meta-analysis found that it reduced mortality rates between 23 to 36% of users of large quantities of alcohol (6) .…”