Interferon-.GAMMA. and Tumor Necrosis Factor-.ALPHA. Levels in Sera and Whey of Cattle with Naturally Occurring Coliform Mastitis.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined in serum and whey samples from cattle with naturally occurring coliform mastitis for two weeks after onset using bovine INF-γ-and TNF-α-specific ELISA. In serum and whey samples from healthy cows, IFN-γ was almost undetectable and TNF-α was detected at low levels. At the onset of illness, INF-γ in sera and whey and TNF-α in whey from the mastitic cows were significantly higher than their respective values in healthy cows. Concentrations of IFN-γ and TNF-α in whey from mastitic cattle decreased significantly as the cows recovered. KEY WORDS: bovine mastitis, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α.

Serum amyloid A and TNF? in serum and milk during experimental endotoxin mastitis

“…TNFα and SAA concentrations in milk and serum have been established to be correlated with the severity of the cows response [3,5,8,9,20,30]. In our study, the severity of the response seemed to be associated with TNFα and SAA in milk; the average concentrations of TNFα and SAA were higher in EL (Fig.…”

“…Increased TNFα concentrations in milk have been reported in earlier studies of experimental LPS [3,10,22] or E. coli mastitis [3,8,10,28] and in spontaneous E. coli mastitis [9,19,20]. In serum, no TNFα has been found or the levels have been very low [3,8,10,19,20,22,28].…”

“…On the contrary, at a later stage of inflammation the effect of TNFα may turn deleterious to the host if the production of TNFα increases to high levels [15]. Several authors have found correlations between the severity of response and concentrations of TNFα in the blood or milk [3,8,9,20]; in other studies, no direct correlation has been seen [10,19]. In LPS mastitis models, TNFα was detected in the plasma and milk of early lactating cows [3,10], but not in cows in midlactation [22].…”

The Evaluation of Important Biomarkers in Healthy Cattle

“…When they are activated, they could phagocytized pathogens since they have turned into the cells which are capable of producing reactive oxygen products and lysosomal enzymes. It is also known that after IFN-γ's stimulating IL-2 receptors in macrophage, IL-2 released from T lymphocyte is increasing the microbicidal effects of macrophages [3][4][5] . TNF-α stimulates acute inflammation in order to initiate the extrinsic coagulation mechanism and activate the clotting mechanism through stimulating the tissue factor formation in endothelium cells [6] .…”

“…Moreover, it increases the platelet activating factor (PAF) release by stimulating the endothelium cells and also increases the synthesis of phase proteins by effecting the hepatocyte and it eases chemotaxis and plays an effective role in stimulating the neutrophils for formation of superoxide radicals in phagocytose. There has been various studies conducted on both people and animals demonstrating that there are a positive correlation between TNF-α level and mortality rates and that TNF-α could be used in observing the inflammation [3,7,8] .…”