Intercellular Interactions in Peripheral Venous Blood in Practically Healthy Residents of High Latitudes

Abstract

The paper presents the results of studying the immunological parameters of 369 people who were practically healthy at the time of the survey, 298 women and 71 men, of which 216 people are living in the European North of the Russian Federation (173 women and 43 men) and 153 are residents of the Arctic (125 women and 28 men). The study was carried out in the morning (08:00–10:00 am). The study included the determination of the aggregation of erythrocytes, platelets, neutrophilic granulocytes, lymphocytes, hemogram study, hematological analysis, enzyme immunoassay, and flow cytometry. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the Statistica 7.0 software package (StatSoft, USA). It was found that the activity of aggregation of cells of peripheral venous blood in Arctic residents is 1.5–1.7 times higher than that in people living in more favourable climatic conditions. The frequency of registration of aggregation of erythrocytes and platelets is actually 2 times higher than the aggregation of leukocytes. Aggregation of erythrocytes is associated with an increase in the concentrations of transferrin and receptors for this transport protein. The frequency of detection of platelet aggregation is accompanied by an increase in transferrin concentrations; in cases of aggregation of nonnuclear blood cells, the content of NO2 in the blood serum is increased. Aggregation of neutrophilic granulocytes and lymphocytes is associated with an increase in the content of free adhesion molecules. Aggregation of erythrocytes and platelets is in evidence when it is necessary to trigger reactions of changes in the hemodynamics of microcirculation to increase the efficiency of oxygen and trophic supply of tissues. The adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium determines the secretion of biologically active substances that contribute to a change in microcirculation and an increase in the migration of leukocytes into tissues for the implementation of phagocytic and cytolytic functions.

Distinctive aspects of the immune status of the Kola Saami and Russians living in the Far North

“…The results were assessed by evaluating the percentage of active phagocytes (the number of phagocytic cells that captured 1 or more latex particles out of 100 counted phagocytes) and phagocytic number (the number of latex particles absorbed by one active neutrophil out of 100 counted phagocytes) (Selvaraj et al, 1982). A deficiency of active phagocytes was recorded when the percentage of active phagocytes was less than 50% and the phagocytic number was less than 4 (Dobrodeeva, 2005).…”

“…The settlement of Revda, Murmansk Oblast is home to a predominantly Russian population. The territories of the village of Lovozero and the settlement of Revda in the Murmansk Region are located above the Arctic Circle and belong to the extreme‐discomfort climatic zone (Balashova et al, 2020; Dobrodeeva et al, 2021; Samodova & Tsypysheva, 2015). However, the level of immunological reactivity of the indigenous inhabitants living in the extreme‐discomfort zone of the North (Selin et al, 2011) is genetically determined and cannot be considered only as a manifestation of the influence of environmental factors (Evseeva et al, 1986; Yazdovsky et al, 1998).…”

Assessment of the Body Response to Snowmelt Water Consumption in Military Personnel Serving in the Arctic Based on Blood Parameters

“…Их изменения обнаруживаются и при влиянии климатических условий Арктики [16]. В условиях полярной ночи у летного состава с диагнозом тех или иных сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при приспособлении к летному труду выявлены статистически значимые изменения в периферической крови [17,18].…”