Integration and Optimization of Renewables and Storages for Rural Electrification

Brenna, Morris; Foiadelli, Federica; Longo, Michela; Abegaz, Tamrat Demllie

doi:10.3390/su8100982

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Both of these strategies make economic dispatch decisions; they choose the most economical way to serve the load at each time step. HOMER simulates hundreds or even thousands of all possible combinations of the energy system and then ranks the results according to the least-cost options that meet the load requirements [25][26][27].Many studies throughout the world have used HOMER software to investigate the optimal design of proposed HESs using LF or CC strategies. Halabi et al [28], Ansong et al [29], Sigarchian et al [30], Rezzouk and Mellit [31], and Madziga et al [32] used the LF strategy to analyze the performance of suggested HESs to find the optimal configurations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Energy Management and Optimization of a PV/Diesel/Battery Hybrid Energy System Using a Combined Dispatch Strategy

et al. 2019

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In recent years, the concept of hybrid energy systems (HESs) is drawing more attention for electrification of isolated or energy-deficient areas. When optimally designed, HESs prove to be more reliable and economical than single energy source systems. This study examines the feasibility of a combined dispatch (CD) control strategy for a photovoltaic (PV)/diesel/battery HES by combining the load following (LF) strategy and cycle charging (CC) strategy. HOMER software is used as a tool for optimization analysis by investigating the techno-economic and environmental performance of the proposed system under the LF strategy, CC strategy, and combined dispatch CD strategy. The simulation results reveal that the CD strategy has a net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) values of $110,191 and $0.21/kWh, which are 20.6% and 4.8% lower than those of systems utilizing the LF and CC strategies, respectively. From an environmental point of view, the CD strategy also offers the best performance, with CO 2 emissions of 27,678 kg/year. Moreover, the results show that variations in critical parameters, such as battery minimum state of charge, time step, solar radiation, diesel price, and load growth, exert considerable effects on the performance of the proposed system. Sustainability 2019, 11, 683 2 of 26 different energy sources to produce a hybrid energy system (HES), which can solve reliability problems and provide an environmentally friendly solution [7][8][9]. Various power sources and storages, such as diesel generators, batteries, and supercapacitors, should be integrated into HESs to improve system stability and smooth out fluctuations [10,11].Sustainability 2018, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 29 problems and provide an environmentally friendly solution [7][8][9]. Various power sources and storages, such as diesel generators, batteries, and supercapacitors, should be integrated into HESs to improve system stability and smooth out fluctuations [10,11]. Figure 2. Commonly used approaches for energy management strategies [14]. Sustainability 2019, 11, 683 3 of 26Although the non-dispatchable RESs necessitate complex systems modeling, they are themselves simple to model without the need for control logic, in which the power is merely produced in direct response to the available renewable energy resources. On the other hand, the dispatchable components, such as the generator and battery, are more difficult to model because they must be controlled to achieve matching of demand and supply properly, and to compensate for the intermittency of the non-dispatchable RESs [16,17]. "Should a generator charge the battery or should excess solar production be responsible for charging the battery only and the generator used only to satisfy the load?" This question has led to some rules that manage the operation of generator and battery energy storage. The load following (LF) and cycle charging (CC) dispatch strategies are used to control generator operation and battery energy storage. Under the LF strategy, a generator produces only e...

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Energy Management and Optimization of a PV/Diesel/Battery Hybrid Energy System Using a Combined Dispatch Strategy

et al. 2019

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“…Results have also been reported for hybrid renewable energy systems involving three primary energy technologies. Examples include PV-wind-hydro-battery systems [15]; PV, wind and storage integration on small islands [16]; wind-PV-battery systems [17]; wind-photovoltaic energy storage and transmission hybrid power systems [18]; grid-connected photovoltaic-wind-biomass power systems [19]; solar-diesel-battery systems [20]; solar-fuel cell-battery systems [21]; solar-wind-battery systems [22]; wind-solar-natural gas [23]; solar-wind-fuel cell systems [24]; solar-wind-diesel-battery systems [25]; and solar-wind-desalination systems [26]. For comparative purposes, it is noted that hybrid energy systems driven by fossil fuels have also been examined, such as fuel cell-gas turbine systems [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Operation of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Residential Applications

2017

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Abstract:The results of a study on incorporating solar-thermal collectors into a hybrid renewable energy system are reported. A photovoltaic-wind turbine-fuel cell-solar-thermal collector system is designed and an economic model is introduced for supplying the residential thermal and electrical loads via the grid-connected hybrid system. Since determining the optimal operation of a hybrid system such as a combined heat and power system constitutes a complex optimization problem requiring a sophisticated optimization method, a modified heuristic approach-based particle swarm optimization is proposed for solving the optimization problem. The results are compared with those obtained by an efficient metaheuristic optimization method, namely a genetic algorithm, in terms of accuracy and run time. The results show that, using the grid-connected hybrid combined heat and power system, among the cases considered, decreases the total cost of the system. The results also demonstrate that the reductions in daily cost relative to the base case by the modified particle swarm optimization algorithm for Cases 1-4 are 5.01%, 25.59%, 19.42%, and 22.19%, respectively. Finally, Case 2 is the most cost-effective and reliable. Moreover, the modified particle swarm optimization algorithm leads to better results than the genetic algorithm.

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“…A current topic is the development of hybrid systems [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]; therefore, the addition of peripheral elements, such as auxiliary power units or backup sources intensifies the challenge of modeling highly coupled multi-physical systems. There are also complete studies concerning the design, improvement or modeling of converters for fuel cell applications (e.g., [33][34][35]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the Air Supply Subsystem in a PEMFC with Balance of Plant Simulation

et al. 2017

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This paper deals with the design of a control scheme for improving the air supply subsystem of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with maximum power of 65 kW. The control scheme is evaluated in a plant simulator which incorporates the balance of plant (BOP) components and is built in the aspenONE R platform. The aspenONE R libraries and tools allows introducing the compressor map and sizing the heat exchangers used to conduct the reactants temperature to the operating value. The PEMFC model and an adaptive controller were programmed to create customized libraries used in the simulator. The structure of the plant control is as follows: the stoichiometric oxygen excess ratio is regulated by manipulating the compressor power, the equilibrium of the anode-cathode pressures is achieved by tracking the anode pressure with hydrogen flow manipulation; the oxygen and hydrogen temperatures are regulated in the heat exchangers, and the gas humidity control is obtained with a simplified model of the humidifier. The control scheme performance is evaluated for load changes, perturbations and parametric variations, introducing a growing current profile covering a large span of power, and a current profile derived from a standard driving speed cycle. The impact of the control scheme is advantageous, since the control objectives are accomplished and the PEMFC tolerates reasonably membrane damage that can produce active surface reduction. The simulation analysis aids to identify the safe Voltage-Current region, where the compressor works with mechanical stability.

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Integration and Optimization of Renewables and Storages for Rural Electrification

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Energy Management and Optimization of a PV/Diesel/Battery Hybrid Energy System Using a Combined Dispatch Strategy

Energy Management and Optimization of a PV/Diesel/Battery Hybrid Energy System Using a Combined Dispatch Strategy

Optimal Operation of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Residential Applications

Control of the Air Supply Subsystem in a PEMFC with Balance of Plant Simulation

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