Optimal Operation of a Grid-Connected Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Residential Applications

Abstract

Abstract:The results of a study on incorporating solar-thermal collectors into a hybrid renewable energy system are reported. A photovoltaic-wind turbine-fuel cell-solar-thermal collector system is designed and an economic model is introduced for supplying the residential thermal and electrical loads via the grid-connected hybrid system. Since determining the optimal operation of a hybrid system such as a combined heat and power system constitutes a complex optimization problem requiring a sophisticated optimization method, a modified heuristic approach-based particle swarm optimization is proposed for solving the optimization problem. The results are compared with those obtained by an efficient metaheuristic optimization method, namely a genetic algorithm, in terms of accuracy and run time. The results show that, using the grid-connected hybrid combined heat and power system, among the cases considered, decreases the total cost of the system. The results also demonstrate that the reductions in daily cost relative to the base case by the modified particle swarm optimization algorithm for Cases 1-4 are 5.01%, 25.59%, 19.42%, and 22.19%, respectively. Finally, Case 2 is the most cost-effective and reliable. Moreover, the modified particle swarm optimization algorithm leads to better results than the genetic algorithm.

On the skewness of journal self‐citations and publisher self‐citations: Cues for discussion from a case study

“…That is not unusual Bar-Ilan & Halevi, 2017;Budd, Sievert, & Schultz, 1998;Kochan & Budd, 1992;Park, Young Lee, & Kwon, 2018;Pfeifer & Snodgrass, 1990), and the literature also reports somewhat similar cases as far correction notices are concerned (Teixeira da Silva & Dobránszki, 2018). However, the citing piece (Maleki, Rosen, & Pourfayaz, 2017) has been published in the same journal, and a co-author of the article is also the editor-in-chief.…”

Accurate Sizing of Residential Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems Considering System Reliability

“…Many studies have been carried out to determine the feasibility of SAPV systems [19]. There are some studies [20][21][22][23] that evaluate residential PV plants connected to the DN. In this way they can sell energy surpluses to the utility and import energy from the DN when needed.…”

Combining grid-tied PV and intelligent water heater control to reduce the energy costs at schools in South Africa

“…Managing the power demand of buildings to reduce their energy footprint has been a widely discussed topic as the interest in energy saving and clean energy continues (Hida et al, 2010;Maleki et al, 2017;Mauri et al, 2016;Matos et al, 2019). In South Africa, for example, the electric water heaters (EWH) in multiple cities were retrofitted with control systems by Roux et al (2018), allowing the energy provider to switch off the EWHs during peak hours to reduce the stress on the supply by means of direct control.…”

“…Also, similar to the previously discussed study, the entire load profile of the building is taken into account without any measures put in place to schedule EWH elements in order to shift the schools load profile. Maleki et al (2017) present a simplified method for optimal sizing of renewable energy hybrid systems for schools. During their research various field studies were conducted to gain an understanding of school building layouts and energy usages.…”

“…Although various energy-saving techniques within a school environment have been proposed (Hida et al, 2010;Mauri et al, 2016;Maleki et al, 2017;Gallego Sanchez Torija et al, 2017), none of the solutions present a demand-limiter through intelligent EWH control, crucial for reducing demand charges at institutions billed on a demand-based tariff structure, combined with an optimally sized solar system for maximal utility bill reduction. Many of the proposed solutions were created for developed countries, unlike South Africa, where effectively managing the available energy supply is essential.…”