Integrating of GIS and GPS for ionospheric perturbations in D- and F-layers using VLF receiver

Abstract

Regular monitoring of the D- and F-layers of ionosphere over Central Asia territory is being performed on the permanent basis starting year 2008 when one Very Low Frequency (VLF) receiver and two SuperSID receivers were provided to Uzbekistan IHY cite by Stanford University. The results obtained at Tashkent IHY (International Heliophysical Year) station are applied to earthquake electromagnetic precursors, lightning, and Solar flares and to ionospheric disturbances originating from gamma ray flares of Soft Gamma-Ray Repeaters. Regular monitoring of the D-layer of ionosphere over Central Asia territory has been performed on the permanent basis. Several Solar events are observed and the analysis has shown that there is simultaneous correlation between the times of change of amplitude of the waves and the Solar flares. Features of the lightning discharge generated by radio atmospherics are studied and its effectiveness in D-region ionosphere diagnostics is examined. We have mainly analyzed GPS derived TEC disturbances from two GPS stations located in Tashkent and Kitab, for possible earthquake ionospheric precursors. The solar and geomagnetic conditions were quiet during occurrence of the selected more than 30 earthquakes. We produced TEC time series over both sites and apply them to detect anomalous TEC signals preceding or accompanying the earthquakes. The results show anomalous enhancements which are examined in the earthquakes.

Traction resistance of the combined machine plough

“…In combined machines, subsurface loosening is carried out simultaneously with the processing and preparation of the soil for sowing. The authors have developed a combined machine for soil preparation for sowing melons and gourds in one pass [6,9,[16][17]20]. For sub-plowing strip loosening of the soil, tillers with an inclined stand are installed on the machine bodies.…”

Combination machine for soil preparation and sowing of gourds

“…The development of machines for processing and preparing the soil for sowing melons in the conditions of Uzbekistan F.Mamatov , B.Mirzaev [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], N.Aldoshin [3, 10-11, 19-20, 24], U. Umurzakov [4,19], D.Chuyanov [5,27], U. Kodirov [6,24], H. Ravshanov [4][5][6], [25][26], H. Fayzullaev [5,25] and others.…”

Ripper for processing slope fields

“…It is relevant to conduct targeted scientific research on the development of dump and non-dump anti-erosion working bodies, ensuring resource conservation in the processes of their interaction with the soil. Research on the development and application of machinery to protect the soil from water and wind erosion, in particular machinery working bodies of the "paraplu", studying their performance and justification of the parameters studied F.Mamatov , B.Mirzayev [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] V.Alexandrian [28], A.Vagin [29], N.N.Nagorny [30], V.Svetlichniy [30], V.M.Drinca [32], D.A.Tryapitsyn [34], Pazova T [33], B.Borisenko [32] and others. The machines and tools created as a result of these studies are used with certain positive results in the tillage of the slopes.…”