The object of the research consists of the architecture of the root system of intensive garden soil and trees, the process of interaction of the aggregate and its working part with the soil and roots, which pour the fertilizer juice locally. The only way to grow ecologically clean products from the garden is to feed the fruit trees locally with manure juice. In intensive gardens, it is advisable to pour the manure juice into the zone of branching tree roots 0.8–0.1 m long, 20–30 sm deep, and an average width of 15 sm. In the process of cutting the soil and roots of the working part of the fertilizer juice pouring unit, the force of gravity is formed. A dynamometer was used to determine the force required to cut the roots. To do this, it was dag a hole of 80 sm long, 30 sm deep and 15 sm wide along the row, without damaging the roots, leaving a distance of 20 sm directly from the trunk of the tree in the garden. The soil-cleaned roots were pulled into a dynamometer loop, pulled until they broke, and the breaking force was determined. For gardens, pouring sap on average 1 m long, 25-30 sm deep and 12-15 sm wide, leaving a protection zone of 20-25 sm from the trunk, increases the efficiency of fertilizer use. In the local method, the gravitational resistance of the working part, which pours the juice to depth, is on average 3.5 kN.
The object of research is the free movement of mineral fertilizers and their mixtures in the air after discharge from the centrifugal pneumomechanical apparatus, followed by the processes of distribution on the field surface. The aerodynamic properties of the grains of mineral fertilizers or mixtures are different. Therefore, they are broken down into fractions during free movement in the air after being thrown from the centrifugal apparatus. A new pneumomechanical type equipment scheme was developed, developed and field tests were carried out using the method of assembling structural elements and the rules of classical mechanics, dedicated to the analysis of technological processes of centrifugal devices in existing and patent information materials and quality spraying of fertilizer mixtures. The expression was derived and calculated taking into account the fact that the rate of additional air flow decreases with distance, and the relative velocity of the fertilizer grains relative to it. The centrifugal pneumomechanical device is designed to perform two functions simultaneously, the first is to throw mineral fertilizers, the second is to create an additional air flow and direct it behind the thrown fertilizer grains. The proposed centrifugal pneumomechanical type apparatus ensures even distribution of component fertilizer mixtures of different sizes, shapes and densities on the field surface.
As the object of the research, the cotton stalk and its physical and mechanical properties, the elastic of the combined aggregate and the spherical disk were accepted. Like many other European countries, our country has also developed minimal, resource-saving and zero technologies for the cultivation of agricultural products, and their technical solutions are being supported and implemented by farmers and clusters. In particular, in the preparation of cotton fields for sowing for the next year in one pass of machinery in cotton growing, the research was conducted on the development of a minimum technology and a combined unit that implements it. In the implementation of this technology, the cotton stalks are tilted to the side furrow in the direction of movement of the aggregate, and the root is laid on the bottom of the furrow with the soil. The bottom layer of the existing pile is then divided into two parts, each of which is rolled over the cotton stalks on the side edges on both sides, where a new pile is formed. Once the aggregate has passed, the existing ridges are replaced by ridges with cotton stalks buried under them, and ridges are formed in place of the existing ridges. In the study, the angle of the axis of symmetry was determined by the angle of the stalks, and in the laboratory, the amount of force required to bend the stalks was determined using a specially prepared stand. In the study, the width of the flexible cover is 45 cm, the mounting angle of the straight part of the flexible relative to the direction of movement is 35-450, the radius of curvature should be 100 mm, the mounting height relative to the ridge should be 15 cm, and the shape was determined. Bending of cotton stalks standing on the ridge in the direction of aggregate movement to the side ridge, digging them with root soil, longitudinal laying at the bottom of this ridge can be done using a spherical disk.
As an object of research, the technological process of cutting the roots of the stalks of the pine tree with the soil and placing them on the side together with the spherical disk in the combined aggregate implementation was accepted. In our republic's cotton cultivation field, the world's latest innovations, including minimal, resource-saving, Strip-till, No-till technologies of soil cultivation and drip irrigation methods, are gradually being introduced. Combined aggregates produced abroad and in our country, designed to perform several technological processes at once, are being supported and introduced by cotton growing clusters. We found it necessary to bring a combined aggregate that prepares new sedges and sedges in the fields with sedges. During the movement of the aggregate in the sedge field, the sedges of the sedge are first tilted to the side of the sedge, and the roots are trimmed with soil and placed at the bottom of the sedge. Then, the lower layer of the bush is divided into two parts, it is turned over the stalks laid on the sides, and new bushes are formed in that place. And in the place of existing puss, new furrows are formed. The research was carried out using methods and tools for measuring angles and distances and optimizing parameters using the mathematical planning method of multifactorial experiments. The study's results determined that the diameter of the spherical disk is 510 mm, the radius of curvature is 540 mm, and the installation angles relative to the direction of movement and the vertical should be 30-32° and 20°, respectively. The research results showed that it is possible to perform the technological processes of cutting the layer of the pistachio root with spherical disks and throwing it to the middle of the side.
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