Innovativeness as Well as Research and Development in Selected Countries of Central Europe

Abstract

The article contains synthetic characteristics of activities related to the implementation of innovation, and the basic research problem was to present the dynamics of changes in the area of research and development activities, with particular emphasis on the expenditure and expenses for the above-mentioned activities in the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia. The situation in these countries was related to the conditions in the European Union. In addition, the state of R&D staff and the number of obtained intellectual property rights were analyzed. This allowed us to identify the strengths and weaknesses of national innovation systems and to identify areas to which attention should be paid to improving the innovation indicators of individual countries. Research shows that the most innovative country among the three analyzed is the Czech Republic. Subsequently, Slovakia and Poland proved to be the least innovative country. However, in all countries in the last decade there has been a dynamic growth of individual indicators that are significant when measuring the innovativeness of a given country. Although the Czech Republic is leading the way in innovation, in most cases they differ from the EU average indicators.

Assessment of Research and Development Financing Based on the Strategies in EU: Case of Sweden, Slovakia and Romania

“…The role of innovation, research, and development as tools for the achievement of sustainable development and competitiveness is amplified by a highly competitive and knowledge-intensive global society. Innovation presents developing a new idea and its application and introduction into business practice, and it can help solve many critical problems, including social threats, and increase society's ability to act [1]. The starting point for this study is that the support of research and development (next R&D) is often crucial for allowing the future growth of the business because it leads to an increase of the knowledge, to an expansion of technology capacities and products, and to process innovation [2].…”