Initiation of signal transduction of the respiratory burst of prawn haemocytes triggered by CpG oligodeoxynucleotides

Inhibitor of REL/NF-КB is regulated in Sydney rock oysters in response to specific double-stranded RNA and Vibrio alginolyticus, but the major immune anti-oxidants EcSOD and Prx6 are non-inducible

“…The activation of the prophenoloxidase system and respiratory burst in the freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii was shown to be induced by CpG motifs via a PKC-activating signaling pathway [36,40], implicating the Rel/NF-L B pathway. The expression of prophenoloxidase and peroxinectin genes in M. rosenbergii was up-regulated by specific CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and the expression of these genes could be inhibited by the NF-L B inhibitor, PDTC [38].…”

The effect of two CpG oligodeoxynucleotides with different sequences on haemocytic immune responses of giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

“…In conclusion, depending on distinct CpG ODNs, the immune responses of prawn haemocytes can be regulated, as has been demonstrated by ODN2006 enhancing activation of the proPO system, the respiratory burst and the expression of several immune-related genes [11,18,23,52] and os-ODN13 suppressing the proPO system. Therefore, for the prawn industry, CpG ODNs may be used as powerful and stable immunomodulators that act by activating innate immunity or reducing the severity of harmful immune responses caused by infection.…”

“…Our previous study first demonstrated that CpG DNA (such as ODN2006) can enhance haemocytic PO activity, degranulation and respiratory burst in the prawn (M. rosenbergii) [11,23]. In addition, we also found that one CpG DNA, os-ODN13, did not affect PO activity in the prawn [11], but haemocytes could be bound by either ODN2006 or os-ODN13 [18].…”

Immunostimulatory activities of specific bacterial secondary metabolite ofAnoxybacillus flavithermusstrain SX-4 on carp,Cyprinus carpio

“…PRRs described in various fish species (Meijer et al. 2004; Bilodeau and Waldbieser 2005) can recognize broad structural motifs called pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are highly conserved within microbial species but generally absent in the host (Janeway and Medzhitov 2002; Sung et al. 2008).…”

“…It is now thought that to induce an effective nonspecific immune response, effectors must stimulate complex sets of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), both within and outside of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family (Giorgio and Alan 2007). PRRs described in various fish species (Meijer et al 2004;Bilodeau and Waldbieser 2005) can recognize broad structural motifs called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are highly conserved within microbial species but generally absent in the host (Janeway and Medzhitov 2002;Sung et al 2008). The recognition and binding in turn evoke subsequent internal defence.…”