Inhibition Activity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Compound from Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia L.)

Lestari, Putri; Katrin,; Rissyelly,; Mahayasih, Putu Gita Maya Widyaswari

doi:10.5530/pj.2017.2.43

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…[38] Several MC bioactive components have been proposed to exert Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities, including MC polysaccharides, ACE inhibitory peptides, which are mainly derived from MC seed proteins and their hypotensive impact has been demonstrated in in vivo studies, and MC phenolic phytochemicals, mainly flavonoids. [39][40][41][42] MC is a rich source of phenolic compounds, such as gallic acid, tannin, catechin, epicatechin, alkaloids, chlorogenic acid, gentisic acid, carotenoids, and sterols. MC extracts were reported to exhibit antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects, which could mainly be attributed to its phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Momordica charantia L on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta- analysis of randomized clinical trials

Jandari

Ghavami

Ziaei

et al. 2020

International Journal of Food Properties

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Several reports have indicated a positive effect of Momordica charantia (MC) on blood pressure (BP); nevertheless, these findings have been controversial. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were aimed to investigate the effects of MC supplementation on BP. PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane library databases were searched (up to June 2020) to identify RCTs investigating the effects of Momordica charantia supplementation on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Weighted mean differences (WMD) were pooled using a random-effects model. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's and Begg's test and heterogeneity was evaluated using Q tests and the I 2 statistic. Eventually, only five articles (six treatment arms) 305 participants (154 as intervention group/151 as control), which reported data of interest entered for data analysis. The meta-analysis showed a non-significant reduction in SBP (WMD: −2.28 mmHg; 95% CI: −6.62, 2.05, P = .302), with significant heterogeneity between selected studies (I 2 = 77.3%) and (WMD: −0.8 mmHg, 95% CI: −2.65 to 1.04, P = .394) with significant between-study heterogeneity (I 2 = 38.1%). When studies were categorized based on participants' mean age and duration of intervention, SBP and DBP had a large non-significant decrease in subjects with equivalent and less than 50 years' subset and short duration (≤8 weeks'). Consumption of MC preparations was not associated with a significant reduction in either SBP or DBP. However, we found a significant hypotensive effect of MC in younger adults and in short-term interventions. Future adequately powered clinical trials, with larger sample size, which consider proper standardization of MC preparations and exclusively include hypertensive patients, are needed to investigate the clinical potential of MC on blood pressure control among these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Momordica charantia L on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta- analysis of randomized clinical trials

Jandari

Ghavami

Ziaei

et al. 2020

International Journal of Food Properties

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“…25 For M. charantia L., both its ethanol crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction exhibited low IC 50 values of 7.54 µg/ ml and 4.29 µg/ml respectively. 31 The same goes for M. calabura L., both its ethanol crude extract and ethyl acetate fraction also showed low IC 50 values of 1.25 µg/ml and 0.63 µg/ml respectively. 33 In addition to that, N. Officinale R. Br.…”

Section: Efficacy Of Southeast Asian Medicinal Plants On Ace Inhibitimentioning

confidence: 61%

“…For example, a water solvent was used to extract C. curviflora 25 , Citrus hystrix 24 and Murraya koenigii. 24 Ethanol 100 % and 95 % were used to extract Momordica charantia 31 , Muntingia calabura 33 , Pereskia saccharose 40 , Mammea siamensis 30 , and Senna garrettiana. 30 Methanol was also used to extract C. curviflora 25 and G. gnemon.…”

Section: Extraction Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these plants, six plants were identified as highly potent, indicated by a very low IC 50 which was lower than 10 µg/ml. These plants are Chassalia curviflora 25 , Momordica charantia L. 31 , Muntingia calabura L. 33 , Nasturtium officinale R. Br. 35 , Pereskia saccharose Griseb 40 and Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth.…”

Section: Efficacy Of Southeast Asian Medicinal Plants On Ace Inhibitimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Southeast Asian Medicinal Plants with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibition Properties

Anuar¹,

Ismail²

2020

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“…4 Hypertension is a leading problem in Indonesia, because of the high prevalence and the long term effect. 5 In 2013, Indonesia has 25.8% prevalence of adult over 18 years with hypertension based on blood pressure measurements using the sphygmomanometer. 6 The majority of hypertensive patients rely on ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors in managing their conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of Compounds Isolated from Gnetum gnemon L. Seeds as Potential ACE Inhibitors through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Triputra¹,

Yanuar²

2018

JYP

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2Hypertension is a condition in which arterial blood pressure is continuously elevated. To be diagnosed with hypertension when one's systolic pressure is higher than 140 mm Hg, and the diastolic pressure reaches greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg.3 Hypertension affects about 40% of people aged 25 years or older, both in developing countries, and developed countries. 4 Hypertension is a leading problem in Indonesia, because of the high prevalence and the long term effect. 5 In 2013, Indonesia has 25.8% prevalence of adult over 18 years with hypertension based on blood pressure measurements using the sphygmomanometer. 6 The majority of hypertensive patients rely on ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors in managing their conditions. 7 Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays an inportant role in the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a known potent vasoconstrictor.8 Furthermore, angiotensin II increases blood pressure which is the significant risk factor for hypertension. 3Gnetum gnemon L. (melinjo) is a plant that spreads in Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and the Pacific Islands. This tree has a height of 10-15 meters, with a slender-shaped trunk with a diameter of approximately 40 cm. This plant has one oval-shaped seed on each fruit.9 Melinjo belongs to Gnetum (Gnetaceae) genus plant, which is known containing many stilbene derivatives. 10-12Gnetum gnemon L. seed extracts have been known to have some biological activities. 13 The previous research showed that the ethyl acetate extract of melinjo seed had the highest inhibitory activity towards ACE compared to other extraction solvents in vivo.14 Furthermore, there are compounds found in the ethyl acetate extract of melinjo seed such as resveratrol, gnetol, isorhapontigenin, trans-piceid, gnetin C, trans-ε-viniferin, gnemonol M, gnemonol K, gnemonoside A, gnemonoside B, gnemonoside C, gnemonoside D, and latifolol. A recent research demonstrated that several compounds of melinjo seed extracts have a better affinity than lisinopril to ACE based on molecular docking results using AutoDock Vina.15 Therefore, this study conducted a further analysis of the ligand binding to amino acid residues at ACE active sites and the ligand binding to Zn 2+ ions, which both of these mechanisms are important in ACE inhibition. 16 These two essential interactions were analyzed through molecular docking using AutoDock4Zn, which generates more accurate free energy binding calculations than AutoDock Vina on ligand-Zn interactions.17 Molecular dynamics simulations were also conducted, involving several compounds in melinjo seed within 20 ns to check the stability of the ligand-enzyme complexes. ABSTRACTObjective: Gnetum gnemon L. (melinjo) seed extracts have been known to have some biological activities. One of them is ACE (angiotensinconverting enzyme) inhibitor. The present study was conducted to predict potential ACE inhibitory activity of several compounds isolated from Gnetum gnemon L. seeds by using in silico method. Methods: In this study, several compounds isola...

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Inhibition Activity of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Compound from Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia L.)

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of Momordica charantia L on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta- analysis of randomized clinical trials

Effects of Momordica charantia L on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta- analysis of randomized clinical trials

Southeast Asian Medicinal Plants with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibition Properties

Analysis of Compounds Isolated from Gnetum gnemon L. Seeds as Potential ACE Inhibitors through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

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