Inherently Distinctive Potentialities and Uses of Nanocellulose Based on its Nanoarchitecture

Abstract

Native cellulose is mainly found in phytomass, such as trees and other plants. It has a regular hierarchical nanoarchitecture, in which the extended macromolecular chains are aligned and closely packed in parallel to form the crystalline nanofibrils of cell walls. In the context of material utilization, nanocellulose is a collective term for nano-ordered assemblies of cellulose chains. In recent times, it has been produced in large quantities from woody bioresources. In addition, nanocellulose has some fascinating physicochemical properties, such as high strength, light weight, transparency, birefringence, and low thermal expansion. These properties have enabled broad functional design of nanocellulose-based materials; but most of them are facing serious competition from various products that already exist. However, nanocellulose is not just a green alternative to existing materials. Rather, it is expected to make a profound difference in terms of pioneering novel functions. The present review focuses on the unexpected features of nanocellulose materials, triggered by details of the inherent nanoarchitecture of native cellulose.

Preparation of spherical microparticles composed of cellulose nanofiber and cellulose diacetate via Pickering emulsion templating

“…It has a definite chemical structure, a linear chain of thousands of β(1→4) linked anhydro-D-glucopyranose unit, which self-assembles during biosynthesis to form a highlycrystalline nanofiber, called a cellulose nanofiber (CNF). Various CNF-based nanomaterials have been developed (Balea et al 2021;Uetani et al 2021;Hashemzehi et al 2022;Szlek et al 2022). This natural nano-polysaccharide is biodegraded promptly by microorganisms in the deep sea, such as marine bacterium Croceicoccus marinus (Shen et al 2019).…”