Influence of weekly physical exercises on indicators of biological age of student's youth

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. The physical activity level of students is closely associated with ecological, hygienic, and socioeconomic facts. This is especially true during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has dramatically reduced the student opportunity to engage in regular physical activity. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of the weekly physical exercises on the indicators of biological age of students of higher education institutions of Ukraine.
 Material and Methods. The study involved 409 students (182 boys and 227 girls), who were divided into experimental (87 boys and 117 girls) and control (95 boys and 110 girls) groups. The biological age (BA) of students was determined by means of Voitenko’s method using biomarkers of their physical status. Indices of the cardiovascular system (pulse, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure); respiratory system (vital capacity, the Hench and Stange test); central nervous system (static balancing); PHSA (personal health self-assessment) were studied. In addition, a questionnaire-based survey of students on their health self-assessment including 27 questions was carried out. Statistica 13.5 statistical software package was used to process the experimental material. Methods of variation statistics, correlation, and regression analysis were used. The coefficients of the Student t-test and Fisher’s F-test were calculated. 
 Results. In the process of pedagogical experiment, the positive impact of the author’s physical education program on BA of students of the experimental group (EG) was revealed: in boys, the positive dynamics of BA changes was detected already after four additional hours of performing exercises per week, whereas in girls – after six or more hours. The most pronounced changes in physical state, which determined BA decrease during academic year were noted in students with a weekly motor regime exceeding 6 hours. In boys of EG, the biological age decreased at the end of the experiment by 11,1 years (p < 0,001), whereas in girls – by 5,3 years (p < 0,001). No positive changes of BA were observed at the end of the experiment in students of the control group (CG), whose weekly regime of motor activity constituted 2 hours. In boys of EG, the decrease of BA is manifested after four additional hours of performing physical exercises per week, whereas in girls – after six or more hours. The most pronounced changes in BA indices during the academic year were noted in students of the experimental group with weekly motor regime exceeding 6 hours.
 Conclusions. The developed mathematical models are recommended to be used for estimating, modelling, and predicting the biological age of students according to informative indices of physical state.

The Association of Physical Activity Behaviors and Patterns With Aging Acceleration: Evidence From the UK Biobank

“…However, the existing evidence for such is limited. Despite the small sample size (approximately 500) and short follow-up period (1 year), clinical trials conducted among high-school students suggested a positive impact of weekly physical activity on biological age, measured by a set of biomarkers ( 36 , 37 ). With regard to biological aging measured by TL, a recent systematic review meta-analyzed data from 11 studies including 2 210 individuals, and concluded that the evidence supporting a role of physical activity on TL was weak mainly due to the high risk of publication bias, different study populations, differences in physical activity and TL measurements, and insufficient control for important confounders such as comorbidities, other lifestyle factors, and genetic determinants of TL ( 38 ).…”

Efficiency Eight Weeks Program of CrossFit Exercises on the Level of Physical Fitness of Algerian High School Students

“…Load and level of difficulty was increased gradually taking into account the individual abilities of student's performance. Also exercises CrossFit was included in the preparatory part of the lesson of others variable modules in the system of organized breaks and were given in the form of work out exercise (Cacioppo et al, 2021;Petrova & Bala, 2020;Prysiazhniuk et al, 2021).…”

“…Exercise is an effective means of compensating for the deficit of motor activity of the modern student (Cacioppo et al, 2021;Kolokoltsev, Iermakov, & Jagiello, 2018;Mohammed, Bachir, Eddine, & Adel, 2018;Varea et al, 2021;Voloshina et al, 2018). However, according to the results of a number of authors (Adel, Alia, & Mohammed, 2020;Andrieieva et al, 2020;Bodnar & Andres, 2016;Krivoruchko et al, 2018;Palichuk et al, 2018;Prysiazhniuk et al, 2021;Sibley, 2012), currently operating lessons are ineffective, monotonous, do not sufficiently stimulate students to physical culture and sports activities. Therefore, this problem requires the search for new interesting forms, innovative means, methods and principles of system improvement physical education, increasing the volume and diversification of types of motor activity (Adel et al, 2019;Cacioppo et al, 2021;Petrova & Bala, 2020;Pricop, A. D., Pelin, R., Florescu, O., & Mezei, M. D., 2020;Voloshina et al, 2018).…”

Interrelations of physical state parameters and biological age of students in the process of physical education

“…The biological age (BA) of students serves as an integral marker of their physical state (PS) and plays a crucial role in assessing body ontogenetic maturity, individual development, aging rates, and overall health status [1,2,3]. Numerous studies by various authors have highlighted the interconnectedness of BA with aerobic physical work capacity [4,5,6], somatic health [7,8], adaptation potential, and functional reserves of the human body [6,9,10]. Additionally, BA is influenced by physical development [11,12] and regular physical activity [8], both of which are integral components of human functional state (FS).…”