Influence of the stocking density and rearing season on incidence of sudden death syndrome in broiler chickens

Imaeda, Noriaki

doi:10.1093/ps/79.2.201

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…If birds are not able to feed to the extent they are motivated this may lead to frustration and impaired welfare. However, several other studies found either no response of feed intake to density (de Oliveira et al, 2000;Imaeda, 2000;McLean et al, 2002;Ravindran et al, 2006;Sirri et al, 2007;Turkyilmaz, 2008), an increase in feed intake with increasing density (Zuowei et al, 2011), or peak values at intermediate densities (Feddes et al, 2002). In line with the 2000 report, several authors found that feed intake decreased with increasing density (Al Bokkers and Koene, 2004;Thomas et al, 2004;Dozier et al, 2005;Villagra et al, 2009;Beloor et al, 2010;Benyi, 2012).…”

Section: Stocking Density Feed Intake and Feed Conversionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…It is therefore highly relevant to discuss reduced feed intake and the causes of this reduction in poultry production. Evidence on food conversion ratios is similarly contradictory, with some studies indicating worse (i.e., higher) ratios at higher density (Dozier et al, 2005;Dozier et al, 2006); (Sirri et al, 2007;Zuowei et al, 2011), whilst others found no effect (Imaeda, 2000;McLean et al, 2002;Thomas et al, 2004;Turkyilmaz, 2008;Villagra et al, 2009;Beloor et al, 2010;Petek et al, 2010;Sekeroglu et al, 2011) or even an improved ratio (de Oliveira et al, 2000). However, several other studies found either no response of feed intake to density (de Oliveira et al, 2000;Imaeda, 2000;McLean et al, 2002;Ravindran et al, 2006;Sirri et al, 2007;Turkyilmaz, 2008), an increase in feed intake with increasing density (Zuowei et al, 2011), or peak values at intermediate densities (Feddes et al, 2002).…”

Section: Stocking Density Feed Intake and Feed Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scientific report updating the EFSA opinions on the welfare of broilers and broiler breeders

Jong

Berg

Butterworth

et al. 2012

EFS3

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The EFSA AHAW panel is requested to develop several scientific opinions concerning animal based measures to assess the welfare of livestock animals. The main objective of this report is to review the broiler welfare literature to identify gaps and potential areas to strengthen and update three SCAHAW and EFSA opinions: i) The welfare of chickens kept for meat production (broilers) (SCAHAW, 2000), ii) Influence of genetic parameters on the welfare and resistance to stress of commercial broilers (EFSA, 2010), iii) Welfare aspects of the management and housing of the grand-parent and parent stocks raised and kept for breeding purposes (EFSA, 2010). The literature review was done by a group of authors and reviewers, under the supervision of an editorial team. A large number of new scientific references are quoted. Regarding the first and oldest opinion, this review presents 47 amended and new conclusions. In addition, it suggests twelve new recommendations and proposes a list of hazards. Especially the paragraphs on behavioural restriction, light, stocking density and environmental enrichment are updated with new information from a large number of new scientific references. Regarding the second opinion, nine new conclusions are proposed. Recommendations of the previous EFSA report are further supported by new information, and one new recommendation is a suggestion to further study the role of incubation conditions on welfare issues such as gait abnormalities, thermal discomfort and ascites. A limited number of new hazards are proposed. Regarding the third opinion, four new conclusions are proposed. Recommendations of the previous EFSA report are also in this case further supported by new information. One new recommendation is a suggestion to further study the impact of management on forced mating behaviour. A couple of new hazards are proposed.

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Section: Stocking Density Feed Intake and Feed Conversionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Stocking Density Feed Intake and Feed Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific report updating the EFSA opinions on the welfare of broilers and broiler breeders

Jong

Berg

Butterworth

et al. 2012

EFS3

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“…The hottest periods o f the year have raised mortality rates from sudden death syndrome (IMAEDA, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This status may be aggravated by a collapse in the balance of electrolytes, which would affect bird's ability of supplying these components to vital cardiac outputs in order to survive, added to the incidence of arrhythmias (IMAEDA, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a simulated heat wave in thermal and aerial environment broiler-rearing environment

et al. 2016

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Global warming increases the occurrence of events such as extreme heat waves. Research on thermal and air conditions affecting broiler-rearing environment are important to evaluate the animal welfare under extreme heat aiming mitiga tion measures. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a simulated heat wave, in a climatic chamber, on the thermal and air environment of 42-day-old broilers. One hundred and sixty broilers were housed and reared for 42 days in a climatic chamber; the animals were divided into eight pens. Heat wave simulation was performed on the 42 nd day, the period of great impact and data sampling. The analyzed variables were room and litter temperatures, relative humidity, concentrations of oxygen, carbon monoxide and ammonia at each pen. These variables were assessed each two hours, starting at 8 am, simulating a day heating up to 4 pm, when it is reached the maximum temperature. By the results, we concluded that increasing room temperatures promoted a proportional raise in litter temperatures, contributing to ammonia volatilization. In addition, oxygen concentrations decreased with increasing temperatures; and the carbon monoxide was only observed at temperatures above 27.0 °C, relative humidity higher than 88.4% and litter temperatures superior to 30.3 °C.KEYWORDS: ammonia, gas production, animal welfare, oxygen, litter temperature ONDA DE CALOR SIMULADA E SEU IMPACTO NO AMBIENTE TÉRMICO E AÉREO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE RESUMO:O aquecimento global aumenta a ocorrência de eventos extremos como as ondas de calor. Pesquisas sobre como as condições térmicas e aéreas afetam o ambiente de produção de frangos de corte são importantes para se avaliar o bem-estar animal sob condições extremas de calor, objetivando medidas mitigadoras. Este estudo pretende avaliar o efeito da simulação de ondas de calor em câmara climática, sobre o ambiente térmico e aéreo de frangos de corte com 42 dias de idade. 160 frangos foram alojados e criados, de 1 a 42 dias de idade, em câmara climática que foi dividida em oito baias. A simulação de onda de calor foi realizada no 42º dia de criação das aves, memento de maior impacto e da coleta dos dados. As variáveis foram coletadas em intervalos de duas horas a partir das 8 horas da manhã, simulando o aquecimento do dia até às 16 horas, horário de máxima, sendo coletados temperatura ambiente, temperatura da cama, umidade relativa do ar, concentrações de oxigênio, monóxido de carbono e amônia em cada baia, nos intervalos de duas em duas horas. Com os resultados obtidos na câmara climática, foi possível concluir que o aumento da temperatura ambiente ocasionou aumento na temperatura da cama, o que, consequentemente, contribuiu para o aumento da volatilização da amônia. A concentração de oxigênio foi reduzida enquanto a temperatura foi aumentada. A presença de monóxido de carbono foi observada quando a temperatura ambiente estava acima de 27,0 ºC, a umidade relativa superior a 88,4% e a temperatura da cama estava superior a 30,3 ºC. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:amônia, bem-estar an...

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“…A plausible explanation might be the lack of mitigating factors, because other production parameters such as temperature and stocking density were normal, as the experiment was conducted in a university research farm. Imaeda (20) reported significantly higher mortality at higher stocking density in summer when compared with a lower stocking density in winter and autumn. In commercial broiler farms, high stocking density is common for economic reasons and such management systems could act as a mitigating factor or trigger in predisposing animals to SDS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Maternal dietary FA modulate the long‐chain n−3 PUFA status of chick cardiac tissue

Ajuyah¹,

Cherian²,

Wang³

et al. 2003

Lipids

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The effect that egg yolk or maternal n-3 FA have on the cardiac tissue long-chain n-3 FA status of chicks during growth was investigated. Eggs with low, medium, and high levels of n-3 PUFA were obtained by feeding breeder hens a wheat/soybean meal-based diet containing 5% sunflower oil (Low n-3), 2.5% sunflower oil plus 2.5% fish oil (Medium n-3), or 5% fish oil (High n-3). The chicks hatched from Low, Medium, and High n-3 eggs were fed a diet containing 18:3n-3, but devoid of long-chain n-3 FA. The FA composition of cardiac tissue was determined on days 0, 14, 28, and 42. At day 0, the cardiac FA reflected maternal diet. With time, the level of all the long-chain n-3 FA decreased compared with day 0, and this was true especially by day 14. These data show that dietary 18:3n-3 fed to the chicks did not sustain high levels of EPA and DHA in cardiac tissue, despite the high content of long-chain n-3 FA in the maternal diet. At days 0 and 14, the chicks hatched from High and Medium n-3 eggs had higher 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3 contents with a concomitant reduction in 20:4n-6 in the cardiac tissue compared with the Low n-3 egg group. Cardiac tissue of birds hatched from Medium n-3 eggs retained higher levels of 20:5n-3 up to day 42 of growth when compared with other treatments (P < 0.05). None of the treatments was effective in maintaining DHA levels after day 14 of growth.

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Influence of the stocking density and rearing season on incidence of sudden death syndrome in broiler chickens

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Scientific report updating the EFSA opinions on the welfare of broilers and broiler breeders

Scientific report updating the EFSA opinions on the welfare of broilers and broiler breeders

Effect of a simulated heat wave in thermal and aerial environment broiler-rearing environment

Maternal dietary FA modulate the long‐chain n−3 PUFA status of chick cardiac tissue

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