Influence of Cable Length on Dose Rate and Half-Value Layer in Diagnostic X-Ray Prooedures

Ed, Trout; Jp, Kelley; Ac, Lucas

doi:10.1148/74.2.255

Cited by 21 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In addition, accuracy suffers at high photon counting rates (above 100,000 per second), necessitating the use of very low mA values. The measured spectra hence apply more to fluoroscopy than to roentgenography (1). In addition, the tube current and voltage waveforms of pulsating generators depend on transformer characteristics in addition to mA and cable capacitance (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Computation of Diagnostic X-Ray Bremsstrahlung Spectra

Stanton¹,

Day²,

Lightfoot³

et al. 1979

Radiology

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A method is described for rapid and accurate computation of diagnostic x-ray spectra. Accuracy limitations of Kramers' equation are overcome by providing intensity correction factors derived from published measured data. Use of a parameter based on the energy of the Kramers spectrum intensity peak permits deriving master factor curves which are remarkably independent of kVp, waveform and filtration. Computed and measured spectra generally agree to better than +/- 1 keV for beams generated at 100 kVp and below. Possible application of the method to higher energy diagnostic beams is discussed.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Computation of Diagnostic X-Ray Bremsstrahlung Spectra

Stanton¹,

Day²,

Lightfoot³

et al. 1979

Radiology

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Grundlagen der strahlentherapeutischen Methoden

Wachsmann¹,

Vieten²

1970

Handbuch Der Medizinischen Radiologie / Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology

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Experimental verification of reverse order of diagnostic X-ray beam quality in voltage-ripple dependence

Matsumoto

Kubota

Ozaki

et al. 1995

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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It has been generally expected that, as X-ray tube-voltage ripple increases, the X-ray spectrum shifts to the low photon-energy side, and therefore the mean energy decreases, i.e. the beam quality is softened. This is the normal order. Previous calculation (Birch et al., 1979), however, showed that the beam quality generated by 100% ripple was harder than that by 50% ripple. This is the reverse order, against general expectation. To verify the reverse order, X-ray spectra are measured using a germanium detector system. The measurements are performed with various thicknesses of aluminium object. To obtain large ripples at small tube currents, small-capacity high-voltage cables are made. To perform efficient measurements, the homogeneous sensitive region of the germanium crystal is determined, and detector-collimators with various diameters are prepared. As a result, experimental verification of the reverse order is performed for various thicknesses of object. The reverse order also appears in photon spectra and mean energies calculated using three models from previous work (Kramer, 1923; Birch and Marshall, 1979; Tucker et al., 1991) by inserting the tube-voltage waveforms measured with the authors' system. The experimental results agree well with the results using the Birch-Marshall model. Mean energies reach the minimum levels for the three models at 20-60% ripple, as do the experimental results. The reason for the phenomenon is clarified by qualitative illustration.

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Influence of Cable Length on Dose Rate and Half-Value Layer in Diagnostic X-Ray Prooedures

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Rapid Computation of Diagnostic X-Ray Bremsstrahlung Spectra

Rapid Computation of Diagnostic X-Ray Bremsstrahlung Spectra

Grundlagen der strahlentherapeutischen Methoden

Experimental verification of reverse order of diagnostic X-ray beam quality in voltage-ripple dependence

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