Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV) in Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Indonesia

Abstract

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Co‐infection of infectious myonecrosis virus and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in Penaeus vannamei farms in the east coast of India

“…The cumulative mortality ranges from 40% to 70% in juveniles and adults with a cooked appearance of the muscle (Nunes et al, 2004; Poulos et al, 2006). Until recently, the disease was restricted only to Brazil in South America (Lightner et al, 2004; Melena et al, 2012) and Indonesia in Asia (Mai et al, 2019; Senapin et al, 2007; Taukhid & Nuraini, 2009). However, of late, the economic losses caused by this exotic disease in northern parts of India (Hameed et al, 2017) have been a serious concern.…”