Inequality and criminality revisited: further evidence from Brazil

Sachsida, Adolfo; Mendonça, Mario Jorge Cardoso de; Loureiro, Paulo R. A.; Gutiérrez, María

doi:10.1007/s00181-009-0296-4

Cited by 60 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…For Colombia, Gaviria (2000) proposes several models to explain the escalation of violent crimes. For Brazil, Sachsida et al (2010) find that inequality, unemployment, and urbanization are positively correlated with crime rates. For almost all the Latin American countries, Gaviria and Pages (2002) conclude that rich and middle‐class households, or households living in cities with rapid population growth, are more likely to be victimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessing the Impacts of Labor Market and Deterrence Variables on Crime Rates in Mexico

Liu

Fullerton

Ashby

2012

Contemporary Economic Policy

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Many studies examine the relationship between crime rates and various economic and/or sociodemographic variables in high income countries, but similar efforts for middle and low income countries are less common. Utilizing an 8‐year panel data sample for all 32 states in Mexico, this study assesses the impact of Mexican labor market and deterrence variables on various Mexican crime rates. The principal results indicate that: (1) State gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has ambiguous effect on crime rates under different conditions. Both wages and unemployment rates are negatively linked with crime rates. (2) Although the Mexican judicial and public security systems are widely believed to be ineffective, increased federal police forces and incarceration rates are associated with lower crime rates, but higher public security expenditure per capita is associated with higher crime rates. (3) The impacts from labor market and deterrence variables presented in (1) and (2) continue to hold under the Fox administration as well as for non‐border states. Their respective impacts diminish, however, under the Calderon administration as well as for border states because of the small number of observations. Overall, the results indicate that increasing average wages, federal police forces, and incarceration rates would have significant impacts on reducing crime rates in Mexican states. (JEL O54, K42)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Assessing the Impacts of Labor Market and Deterrence Variables on Crime Rates in Mexico

Liu

Fullerton

Ashby

2012

Contemporary Economic Policy

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“…The current scenario challenges studies that claim a causality relationship between better social conditions associated to a decrease in criminal activity (Sachsida, Mendonça, Loureiro & Gutierrez, 2010;Scorzafave & Soares, 2009) given the fact that economic boost in many impoverished regions in Brazil is historically unprecedented, particularly in the northeast part of the country.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

An Agent-Based Simulation of Car Theft: Further Evidence of the Rational Choice Theory of Crime

Berger¹,

Borenstein

2013

Economic Analysis of Law Review

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RESUMONos últimos anos o Brasil tem experimentado uma melhora de índices socioeconômicos e, simultaneamente, um problemático aumento da criminalidade urbana, seja contra a pessoa ou patrimônio, em especial com relação aos crimes de oportunidade. A aparente contradição desafia a comumente alegada correlação entre distribuição de riqueza e vários tipos de ofensa urbana. Aplicando-se o modelo baseado em agentes desenvolvido em Berger, Borenstein e Balbinotto Neto (2010), este artigo contribui para o debate por meio da avaliação da eficiên-cia da polícia no combate ao crime de furto/roubo de veículos na cidade de Porto Alegre. Os resultados indicam que enquanto o policiamento ostensivo reduz a incidência do delito no curto prazo, seu efeito de longo prazo é inconclusivo. ABSTRACTIn recent years Brazil has been experiencing an improvement in socioeconomic indexes and, simultaneously, a troubling increase in urban criminality, either against the person or property, particularly those related to the so-called crimes of opportunity. The apparent contradiction challenges common claims concerning the correlation between wealth distribution and various types of urban offences. Using the agent-based computational model of criminal behavior developed in Berger, Borenstein & Balbinotto Neto (2010), this paper contributes to the debate by assessing police efficiency towards car theft tackling in the city of Porto Alegre. Results reveal that although police presence inhibits criminal activity in the short run, the evidence is inconclusive in the long run.Palavras-chave: Furto de Veículo; Escolha Racional; Simulação Computadorizada; Sistema de Multiagentes; Porto Alegre.

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“…Ou seja, em situações de dificuldades financeiras os indivíduos estariam mais dispostos ao ato criminoso de modo a obterem recursos para uma melhora na qualidade de vida. Essa constatação corrobora os resultados nds trabalhos de Miethe et al (1991), Gould, Weinberg e Mustard (2002), Machin e Meghir (2004), Donohue e Levitt (2001), Sachsida et al (2009) e Pereira e Fernandez-Carrera (2005. Desse modo, esse resultado destaca a importância da criação de novas oportunidades de empregos, principalmente para os mais pobres, de modo que tais indivíduos não optem pela criminalidade como um meio de obtenção de recursos.…”

Section: Programas E Projetosunclassified

“…Na literatura nacional encontram-se diversos fatores que explicam as causas para o agravamento da criminalidade no país, podendo-se destacar: a) a exclusão e a desigualdade socioeconômicas das regiões, estados e municípios que resulta numa diferenciação no padrão de vida dos brasileiros (SERRANO-BERTHET;CHIODA, 2012;ARAÚJO JUNIOR, 2001;SACHSIDA et al, 2009;PEREIRA;FERNANDEZ-CARRERA, 2000;LOBO;FERNANDEZ-CARRERA, 2005;LEMOS;JORGE;SANTOS FILHO, 2005;OLIVEIRA, 2005); b) o processo brasileiro de urbanização, dado que contribui para a piora da qualidade de vida das camadas mais pobres da população (SACHSIDA et al, 2009;BEATO FILHO, 2012); c) a má alocação dos recursos públicos em setores como o de educação (FANJZYLBER; ARAÚJO JÚNIOR, 2001;LOBO;FERNANDEZ-CARRERA, 2000;SANTOS, 2009;OLIVEIRA, 2005) e segurança (FANJZYLBER; ARAÚJO JÚNIOR, 2001;PEREIRA;FERNANDEZ-CARRERA, 2000); PROCÓPIO, D. P.; TOYOSHIMA, S. H. Fatores Associados à Criminalidade Violenta no Brasil.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fatores Associados À Criminalidade Violenta No Brasil

Valentim¹,

Toyoshima²

2017

RAE

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Resumo: Objetiva-se neste estudo avaliar quais fatores estão associados à criminalidade violenta no Brasil. As categorias de crimes selecionadas foram as de homicídios, latrocínio e lesão corporal dolosa seguida de morte. Para a realização deste estudo é utilizado o modelo econométrico na estrutura de dados em painel para todas as unidades federativas brasileiras. Os resultados indicam que o modelo de efeitos fixos é o mais adequado. Além disso, constata-se que o mercado de drogas e a taxa de desemprego influenciam positivamente as taxas de crimes analisadas. Por outro lado, as políticas socioassistenciais ofertadas pelos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social (Cras) têm contribuído para a melhoria da qualidade de vida de diversas famílias brasileiras que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, e, com isso, tal medida governamental tem colaborado para o combate da criminalidade violenta no país. Palavras-chave: Criminalidade violenta. Mercado de drogas. Dados em painel. Abstract:The objective of the present study was to evaluate which factors are associated with violent crime in Brazil. The categories of crimes were selected homicide, robbery and willful corporal lesion followed by death. For this study we used the econometric model in the data structure in panel for all Brazilian federal units. The results indicated that the fixed effects model is the most suitable. In addition, it was found that the drug market and the unemployment rate positively influence analyzed crime rates. On the other hand, social assistance policies offered by Social Assistance Reference Centres have contributed to improving the quality of life of many Brazilian families living in situation socioeconomic vulnerability and, therewith, such a government measure has contributed to the fight against violent criminality in the country.

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Inequality and criminality revisited: further evidence from Brazil

Abstract: Criminality, Inequality, Panel data model, GMM estimator, Granger causality, K42, C23, Z13,

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

Assessing the Impacts of Labor Market and Deterrence Variables on Crime Rates in Mexico

Assessing the Impacts of Labor Market and Deterrence Variables on Crime Rates in Mexico

An Agent-Based Simulation of Car Theft: Further Evidence of the Rational Choice Theory of Crime

Fatores Associados À Criminalidade Violenta No Brasil

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