Indonesia Zero Emissions Application (EMISI): Methodology for Calculating Individual Emissions from Food, Clothing, Electricity Consumption, and Solid Waste

The tourism industry is the most significant global Green House Gases (GHGs) contributor, which is often specifically produced by exploratory activities. This leads to the performance of several actions to reduce carbon emissions and maintain sustainable development. Since the Indonesian Tourism Village is a “carbon emission contributor and COVID-19 pandemic impact victim”, the low-carbon exploration should be necessarily implemented to achieve sustainability. Therefore, this study aims to determine the carbon footprint of solid waste produced by visitors, population, and buildings within seven certified Tourism Villages in Central Java (Kandri, Lerep, Samiran, Karangrejo, Candirejo, Samiran, and Dieng Kulon) and Special Region of Yogyakarta (Pentingsari) Provinces, Indonesia. This was conducted through a mixed method containing quantitative and analytical techniques. The quantitative method was conducted through a field survey of seven Tourism Villages to obtain and analyze data on the population, infrastructures, situations, and environments. Meanwhile, the analytical method was conducted by calculating the carbon footprint of solid waste and buildings produced by seven Tourism Villages. The results showed that Dieng Kulon had the biggest CO2 emissions from all sources (solid waste produced by visitors, population, and buildings). In addition, Candirejo had the lowest solid waste emission produced by visitors and the population before the impact of the pandemic. During the COVID-19 period, Kandri and Samiran were observed as the lowest contributors of solid-waste CO2 emission produced by visitors and buildings, respectively. This indicated that the sustainability of Tourism Villages helped in increasing income as well as obtaining a cleaner and healthier environment. After the pandemic period, these villages should subsequently lead the economic recovery of rural communities to achieve sustainable development goals through the reduction of CO2 emission. In addition, the “The Low-Carbon Sustainable Tourism Village Model” was proposed by this study to answer the challenge of sustainability.

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“…where, Based on [27,28], Emission Factor (EF) for household and individual solid wastes are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. [27].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourism Village Carbon Footprint after COVID-19 Pandemic: A Challenge to Sustainability

et al. 2022

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“…Data analysis was done using descriptive analysis techniques by presenting consumption data using diagrams and graphs. The potential carbon footprint of vegetable consumption is calculated using the factor emission values for each vegetable commodity on a per capita scale [13,14]. The emission factor values are obtained based on a systematic literature study [15], represent the potential carbon footprint from the production process to distribution based on the type of food (Table 1).…”

Section: Figure 1 Research Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Carbon Footprint in Food System Based on Household Vegetable Consumption in Yogyakarta

Musthofa,

Rijanta,

Widiyanto

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Consumption is one part of the food system in a region. Food is a basic need that cannot be separated from various activities. Food systems account for about a quarter of the global carbon footprint, indicating that every activity in it will impact the environment. This study aims to explain the potential carbon footprint resulting from the vegetable consumption commodities in Yogyakarta as part of the food system. The city of Yogyakarta became the research area with the consideration that this area is an urban area with a high population density, a high proportion of waste transported to the final landfill, and the composition of organic waste, which is more than half the total volume of waste. This study uses secondary data from the Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) from the BPS-Statistics Indonesia and relevant literature. A quantitative descriptive analysis technique was used in this study to explain the vegetable food consumption of the people of Yogyakarta City. The potential for carbon footprint and food waste is calculated using emission factors that include production activities up to distribution. The results show that eggplant has the highest potential carbon footprint based on consumption data, with an average value of 0.25 kg CO2-eq/kg per household in one week. The average potential carbon footprint of vegetable consumption per household in one week in Yogyakarta City is 1.9 kg CO2-eq/kg produce. Potential food waste based on consumption activities has an average value of 0.15 kg per household in one week.

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“…Wilayah tersebut memiliki kepadatan penduduk di tahun 2017 sebesar 9.359 jiwa/m2 (BPS Kota Bogor 2021). Semakin tinggi kepadatan penduduk di suatu wilayah, semakin perlu penanganan terhadap sampah dilakukan (Sari et al 2021). Praktik pengelolaan sampah yang melibatkan masyarakat umumnya diawali dengan campur tangan pemerintah, terutama di negara-negara berkembang (Lian et al 2020) Hasil "Paris Agreement" yang ditetapkan untuk Indonesia memuat target kontribusi penurunan GRK dalam bentuk dokumen Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Perkiraan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Dari Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Berbasis Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3r) Di Kota Bogor

Paramitadevi¹,

Jannah²,

Ratnawati³

2022

JSTSV

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Greenhouse gasses (GHGs) emissions are currently a worldwide concern, both in the process of reducing or preventing them. The study aims to calculate and to assess the contribution of GHGs based on waste management activities at the MRF. The activity components is special activities at MRF (composting). The estimation of greenhouse gas emissions is calculated based on the 2006 Tier 1 method of The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The GHGs assessment is carried out on these two processes, starting from the production of waste from domestic sources to composting. The study indicates that the average value of GHGs calculations for composting activities at MRF is 0.182 tons CO2eq/year. If the calculation of waste reduction through the composting process at TPS 3R is applied, the average GHG reduction percentage is 0.16%. Moreover, there is a causal relationship between the waste management program and the reduction in landfill waste, which will lead to reduced GHGs emissions.

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Indonesia Zero Emissions Application (EMISI): Methodology for Calculating Individual Emissions from Food, Clothing, Electricity Consumption, and Solid Waste

Abstract: This Technical Note aims to provide an accountable and robust methodology that such stakeholders could easily apply to their systems (i.e., employee/customer emission management) or platforms (i.e., websites or mobile applications), including to develop their own emission calculators.

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Tourism Village Carbon Footprint after COVID-19 Pandemic: A Challenge to Sustainability

Tourism Village Carbon Footprint after COVID-19 Pandemic: A Challenge to Sustainability

Potential Carbon Footprint in Food System Based on Household Vegetable Consumption in Yogyakarta

Perkiraan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Dari Tempat Pembuangan Sampah Berbasis Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3r) Di Kota Bogor

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