Indications for and outcome of positive-pressure ventilation in cats: 53 cases (1993–2002)

Lee, Justine A.; Drobatz, Kenneth J.; Koch, Marco; King, Lesley G.

doi:10.2460/javma.2005.226.924

Cited by 48 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Pacientes críticos comumente necessitam um suporte especializado e imediato, caso contrário podem ir a óbito devido à falência respiratória progressiva, hipotensão duradoura ou falência renal [15]. Dentre as muitas necessidades desses pacientes, as técnicas de ventilação mecânica são comumente utilizadas para a manutenção da eucapnia, ou melhorar a oxigenação [13], porém para a realização desta, devem ser utilizados fármacos que em muitos casos promovem depressão cardiovascular, podendo levar o indivíduo a óbito.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Seric Concentration of Troponin I and Electrocardiographic Tracing in Dogs Submitted to Long-Term Sedation during 24 Hours

Regalin

Gehrcke

Comassetto

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: General anesthetics and sedatives are commonly used for long-term sedation in veterinary medicine; however, they can lead to cardiac suppression. Cardiac troponin I is a biomarker used to detect myocardial pathology, monitor treatment, and assess outcomes in veterinary patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum concentration of troponin I (cTnI), the electrocardiographic (ECG) tracing, and the ventricular stroke work index in dogs undergoing two long-term sedation protocols over 24 h. Materials, Methods & Results: Twelve healthy mongrel dogs with an average weight of 13.2 ± 2.3 Kg were admitted for this study. Twenty-four h before the experiment began (M-24), venous blood samples were collected for chemiluminescent cTnI evaluation and ECG data were obtained, specifically heart rate (HR); P, PR, QRS and T wave duration; P, R, T wave amplitude; and ST segment depression. On the day of the experiment, the animals were anaesthetized with propofol and isoflurane, and instrumented. After instrumentation, right and left ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI and LVSWI respectively) and intrapulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) were performed as baseline parameters. The isoflurane was then discontinued and the animals randomly allocated to two groups (n = 6 each): Midazolam and fentanyl group (GMF), in which the animals received a bolus and continuous rate infusion (CRI) of midazolam (0.5 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg/h) and fentanyl (5 µg/kg and 10 µg/kg/h) or ketamine and morphine group (GKM), in which the animals received a bolus and CRI of ketamine (1 mg/kg and 0.6 mg/kg/h) and morphine (0.5 mg/kg and 0.26 mg/kg/h). Both groups also received propofol as a bolus and CRI (3 mg/kg and 0.3 mg/ kg/min) over 24 h. The ECG and cTnI parameters were evaluated at 6, 12, and 24 h during CRI (M6, M12, and M24) and 12 and 24 h after the end of infusion (T12 and T24). The hemodynamic parameters RVSWI, LVSWI, and Qs/Qt were evaluated every 2 h until the end of CRI. There was a non-significant increase in cTnI from M6 in both groups; however, a significant increase was only observed in GMF between M-24 and T12. During sedation, HR decreased an average of 46% in GKM and 51% in GMF compared to M-24. The QT interval (milliseconds) increased in both groups after CRI started, returning to baseline values at T24. There were no differences in P, QRS, and T wave amplitude or ST segment depression in either group. Discussion: The serum concentration of cTnI increased in GMF at T12, more probably due to hemodynamic changes during sedation rather than myocardial lesions, since the increase was relatively mild. A greater hemodynamic change was observed in GMF, with a greater increase in RVSWI compared to baseline than GKM, which may reflect an increase in cardiac effort and possibly cTnI release; however, in both groups, the cTnI values remained within the acceptable values for the species. Bradycardia was reported during long-term sedation, which may be due to the synergism between opioids as a result of vagal stimulation, central s...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Seric Concentration of Troponin I and Electrocardiographic Tracing in Dogs Submitted to Long-Term Sedation during 24 Hours

Regalin

Gehrcke

Comassetto

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…While the SV group continued spontaneous respiration throughout general anaesthesia, in order to maintain respiratory rate and the normal haemodynamic state in the MV group, the settings were adjusted to12 breaths per minute and an I/E ratio of 1:3 5,6 . The difference between groups originated from this adjustment.…”

Section: Tablo 3 Spontan Ventilasyon (Sv) Ve Mekanik Ventilasyon (Mvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It supports lung function by eliminating carbondioxide and allowing oxygenisation of arterial blood. It increases tidal volume and enables atelectatic alveoli to regain their function 2,3,[5][6][7] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This condition occurs in the case of the patient breathing 100% oxygen for 18-24 hours. It causes alveolar inflammation, pulmonary oedema and eventually death 5,6 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over-inflation of the alveoli leads to formation of pulmonary interstitial emphysema, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax 6,8 . Due to increasing thoracic pressure, right ventricular dysfunction, altered left ventricular distensibility and low cardiac output, IPPV decreases venous return to the heart 2,3,5,6,9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the Effects of Spontaneous and Mechanical Ventilation on Blood Gases During General Anaesthesia in Dogs

Güzel¹,

Yıldar²,

Karabağli³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummarySpontaneous ventilation during general anaesthesia leads to respiratory depression and atelectasis. Mechanical ventilation increases tidal volume and eliminates atelectasis. The study material consisted of a total of 20 dogs of different breed, age and gender. Dogs were divided into two groups, consisted of 10 dogs. The first group was established as the spontaneous ventilation (SV) group, while the second group was the mechanical ventilation (MV) group. For induction of anaesthesia, propofol was administered to both groups via intravenous injection at a dose of 6 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected from all dogs in 5 minutes after propofol administration. This period was determined as Minute 0 (T 0 ). In both groups, inhalation anaesthesia was continued with isoflurane. Venous blood samples were collected from dogs in the SV and MV groups at 15 (T 15 ), 30 (T 30 ) and 60 (T 60 ) minutes. Heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO 2 , body temperature and blood gases were monitored. Statistical evaluation of the study was carried out using the Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance method. The results obtained showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the SV and MV groups regarding the examined parameters. However, in the assessments within the group, results obtained from the dogs in the MV group were more reliable from the point of view of the patients remaining stable throughout anaesthesia. Keywords: Spontaneous ventilation, Mechanical ventilation, Blood gases, Dog Köpeklerde Genel Anestezi Sürecinde Spontan ve Mekanik Ventilasyonun Kan Gazları Üzerine Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması ÖzetGenel anestezide spontan ventilasyon, solunumun baskılanmasına ve atelektaziye yol açar. Mekanik ventilasyon tidal volümü artırır ve atelektaziyi giderir. Çalışma materyalini, farklı ırk, yaş ve cinsiyetteki toplam 20 köpek oluşturdu. Olgular, her grupta 10 köpek olacak şekilde 2'ye ayrıldı. İlk grup spontan ventilasyon (SV), ikinci grup mekanik ventilasyon (MV) grubu olarak belirlendi. Anestezi indüksiyonunda her iki gruba, propofol 6 mg/kg'dan intravenöz enjeksiyonla verildi. Tüm köpeklerden, propofol enjeksiyonunu takip eden 5. dakikada kan örnekleri alındı. Bu süre 0. dakika (T 0 ) olarak değerlendirildi. Her iki grubun inhalasyon anestezisi izofloranla sürdürüldü. SV ve MV grubundaki olgulardan 15. dakika (T 15 ), 30. dakika (T 30 ) ve 60. dakika (T 60 )'larda venöz kan örnekleri alındı. Kalp atım sayısı, solunum sayısı, SpO 2 , vücut ısısı ve kan gazları monitörize edildi. Çalışmanın istatistiki değerlendirmesi Tekrarlı Ölçüm Varyans Analizi metodu ile yapıldı. Elde edilen bulgular, incelenen parametreler yönünden SV ve MV grupları arasında istatistiki anlamda önemli bir fark olmadığını gösterdi. Ancak grup içi değerlendirmelerde, MV grubundaki köpeklerden elde edilen sonuçların, hastaların anestezi süresince stabil kalmaları açısından daha güvenilir olduğu sonucuna ulaşıldı.

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Oxygenation and ventilation

Reminga

King

2016

Monitoring and Intervention for the Critically Ill Small Animal

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Indications for and outcome of positive-pressure ventilation in cats: 53 cases (1993–2002)

Abstract: Results suggest that the survival rate for cats requiring PPV may be lower than reported survival rates for dogs. Death was attributable to progressive respiratory failure, non-responsive hypotension, kidney failure, or neurologic impairment.

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Seric Concentration of Troponin I and Electrocardiographic Tracing in Dogs Submitted to Long-Term Sedation during 24 Hours

Seric Concentration of Troponin I and Electrocardiographic Tracing in Dogs Submitted to Long-Term Sedation during 24 Hours

Comparison of the Effects of Spontaneous and Mechanical Ventilation on Blood Gases During General Anaesthesia in Dogs

Oxygenation and ventilation

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