Increase of brick masonry durability for external walls of buildings and structures

Abstract

Abstract. The current article is focused at efflorescence formation and durability of brick masonry. The chemical and phase composition, microstructure of efflorescence on brick and masonry mortar on exterior walls of buildings are studied. Improved properties of brick masonry for external walls of buildings are achieved by the use of masonry mortar based on multi-component cement, which contains zeolite. It is shown that the use of multi-component cement with low clinker content in the mortar reduces the content of calcium hydroxide and SO 3 . It is determined that synergistic combination of mineral additives of different groups with substantial reduction of cement clinker in cements containing zeolite, improves durability of brick masonry without efflorescence formation. Physic-chemical modification of mortar by complex air-entraining admixture allows obtaining high-quality modified mortars with improved quality parameters. The surface modification of ceramic bricks by silicon and acrylic compounds provides protection and durability of brick masonry of buildings and structure walls.

Development of a technology for utilizing the electroplating wastes by applying a ferritization method to the alkaline­activated materials

“…The use of water treatment products (electroplating sludge) for the production of building materials in the conventional cement systems is limited by the high content of heavy metals ions in their composition (Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, etc. [16]), at the same time, a possibility to dispose of them is one of the ways to apply alkaline-activated cements and composite materials based on them [17]. The alkaline-activated cements and concretes are able to safely exploit iron-containing waste with a high content of heavy metals [18]; they demonstrate high operational characteristics [19].…”

“…Such a composition of new structures makes it possible to reliably fix the elements of heavy metals in the structure of a material. The process of forming hydrated phases depends on the ratio of SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 , which affects the durability [16] and formation of zeolite-like products, which are the most reliable structures to retain heavy metals at the chemical level [24].…”

Studying the influence of metakaolin on self-healing processes in the contact-zone structure of concretes based on the alkali-activated Portland cement

“…However, that made it impossible to substantiate the use of new cements (alkali-activated ash and slag cements, geocements, geopolymers, alkaline Portland cements, etc. ), whose alkali content is much higher than that in traditional cements [23]. At the same time, the necessity of application of new cements is predetermined by the modern state of human development, the lack of minerals and the necessity to reduce environmental load from industry.…”

Studying the efect of nano­liquids on the operational properties of brick building structures

“…The main factors that affect the durability of buildings are the aggressive environmental factors, which lead to materials destruction, reduced durability, deterioration of the operational properties of fencing structures [13,14]. Ceramic brick remains one of the main building materials used to construct buildings and structures.…”