Income Inequality, Poverty, and Fear of Crime in Europe

Kujala, Pietari; Kallio, Johanna; Niemelä, Mikko

doi:10.1177/1069397118799048

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…On the other hand, income inequality also brings negative consequences for society in the form of criminality, social unrest, etc. (Kujala et al, 2019). Greig et al (2007) state that at a time of economic growth income inequality can increase, which has a negative effect on low-income households that often include single female parents.…”

Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gender Differences and Other Factors on Remuneration of Employees in EU Countries

Antošová

Hazuchová

Stávková

2021

Danube

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The aim of the paper is to verify gender income differences and to reveal factors influencing differences in remuneration. Gender income differences across the EU range from 6% in Romania to 27% in the Czech Republic. Data from 178,878 employees filtered from the EU-SILC database were used for calculations. Stepwise regression analysis was used to identify factors that affect gender income differences. The greatest effect was shown in the “Absolute Income”, then the “Job Change in the Last Year” factor, but the “Education” and “Age” showed a strongly negative tendency. Extraordinary attention is devoted to the effect of the “Job sector” factor, which also significantly contributes to the difference in income. Different representation of gender appears in different industries, which can be caused by preferences and be a consequence of persisting society-wide stereotypes. Social policies are not in line with changes in society and lag behind the development of society.

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Section: Literature Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gender Differences and Other Factors on Remuneration of Employees in EU Countries

Antošová

Hazuchová

Stávková

2021

Danube

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“…In individual-level (Franklin et al., 2008; Roman & Chalfin, 2008) and macro-level analysis (Lorenc et al., 2014; Singer, Chouhy, et al., 2019), research shows that FOC is fueled by social and economic traits and inequalities. However, results are mixed concerning the direction of the relationship between FOC, income, and economic deprivation measures (Kurlichová, 2018; Kujala et al., 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of crime examined through diversity of crime, social inequalities, and social capital: An empirical evaluation in Peru

Hernández

Dammert

Kanashiro

2020

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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Latin America is a violent region where fear of crime is well spread but still not fully understood. Using multilevel methods for a large and subnational representative household survey (N = 271,022), we assess the determinants of fear of crime in Peru, the country with the highest fear of crime and crime victimization in the region. Our results show that body-aimed victimization (physical or sexual abuse from a member of their household, and sexual offenses) is the strongest driver of fear of crime, even higher than armed victimization. Moreover, safety measures based on social capital are negatively related to fear of crime, suggesting that they are palliatives rather than real protections. Finally, our study shows that people in a higher socioeconomic status are more likely to fear more because they have more (resources) to lose. Policy implications address Latin America as a whole and punitive policies against crime are common in the region, while evidence-based decisions are scarce.

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“…The income inequality would be higher and also households living at risk of poverty would be more without these instruments of social policy (Keeley, 2015). Negative consequences, such as criminal activities, can appear in a society because of the income inequality (Kujala et al, 2019). Nolan and Whelan (2010) point out that relying only on income during determination of poverty is questionable.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Institute of Income Redistribution in the Form of Social Transfers in EU Countries

Antošová

Stávková

2019

Danube

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The reduction in the number of households living at risk of poverty is a common objective of EU countries but the social policy of each member state is different. This paper provides an overview of components of social transfers and their share in total household incomes in EU countries. The aim of the paper is to assess the effectiveness of the social systems of each on the basis of the number of households at risk of poverty determined before and after the payment of social benefits. Four segments of EU countries were identified in cluster analysis according to their approach to social transfer settings using primary data from EU-SILC survey. The combination of high share of social benefits and low share of old age pensions proves to be better in the fight against poverty. The relationship between an economic performance and a functioning social policy system appears in EU countries.

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Income Inequality, Poverty, and Fear of Crime in Europe

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Gender Differences and Other Factors on Remuneration of Employees in EU Countries

Effect of Gender Differences and Other Factors on Remuneration of Employees in EU Countries

Fear of crime examined through diversity of crime, social inequalities, and social capital: An empirical evaluation in Peru

Application of the Institute of Income Redistribution in the Form of Social Transfers in EU Countries

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