In vitro procedures for the induction of tetraploidy in a diploid rose

Roberts, A. V.; Lloyd, Davina; Short, K. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00024128

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The period of exposure needed for nodal sections is much closer to the optimal time of 12 h needed to induce chromosome doubling with colchicine in root meristems of R. wichurana (Roberts et al 1990) and its short duration indicates that the delivery of oryzalin to the meristem was more efficient than in shoot tips. Likewise, Ma et al (1997) obtained tetraploids from nodal sections (unspecified length) of diploid roses after exposing them to colchicine for 2 days whereas shoot tips required exposures of at least 5 days and most tetraploids were obtained after exposures of 8-10 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Oryzalin has a much greater affinity for plant than animal microtubules (Hugdahl and Morejohn 1993;Morejohn et al 1987) and has the important advantage of being less hazardous to human health than colchicine, which is mutagenic. Roberts et al (1990) found that it took 10 h for fastcycling cells of root meristems to complete the cell cycle in the diploid R. wichurana but a slightly longer exposure (12 h) to 1.25 mM colchicine was needed to maximise chromosome doubling. However, additional time may be needed for a spindle inhibitor to reach shoot meristems via stem tissues or the ensheathing leaf primordia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in Rosa and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability

et al. 2003

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Shoot tips of the diploid rose Thérèse Bugnet were treated in vitro to oryzalin at concentrations of 5 and 15 microM. Tetraploid shoots were obtained in highest frequencies (40%) after exposure to 5 microM oryzalin for 14 days. Thin (1 mm) nodal sections were treated with 5 microM oryzalin and the highest frequency of tetraploids (66%) was obtained after exposure for only 1 day. The shorter exposure times required to induce chromosome doubling in thin nodal sections is attributed to the more efficient delivery of oryzalin to the meristem. Tetraploids were obtained from four diploid roses and hexaploids from two triploid roses. Chromosome doubling was accompanied by increases in thickness and a darker green colouration of the leaves and, in all diploid to tetraploid and one triploid to hexaploid conversion, the breadth/length ratio of leaflets was significantly increased. Internodes were longer in tetraploids than diploids but significantly shorter in hexaploids than triploids. The number of petals per flower in the tetraploid form of Thérèse Bugnet was double that of the diploid. Significant increases in pollen viability accompanied chromosome doubling of all four diploids and one of the two triploids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in Rosa and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability

et al. 2003

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“…Given these possible beneficial consequences, chemical polyploidization has become an almost routinely applied breeding technique in many ornamentals (Roberts et al 1990;Cohen and Yao 1996;Takamura and Miyajima 1996;Väinölä 2000;Thao et al 2003;Eeckhaut et al 2004;Zlesak et al 2005;Allum et al 2007;Dhooghe et al 2008;Khosravi et al 2008). Most of these publications aim only to optimize induction parameters to obtain the highest possible number of solid tetraploids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Histogenic analysis of chemically induced mixoploids in Spathiphyllum wallisii

Vanstechelman

Eeckhaut²,

Huylenbroeck³

et al. 2010

Euphytica

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Tetraploids and mixoploids were induced in several Spathiphyllum wallisii genotypes through in vitro application of mitosis inhibitors. Flow cytometry of leaves enabled the identification of sectorial hybrids, whereas microscopic nuclei research combined with root flow cytometry was required to provide insights in the histogenic composition of the mixoploids and to identify periclinal chimeras. Microscopic observation of epidermal or parenchymatic cell areas or the average cell thickness did not allow unequivocal characterization. However, direct visualization of diploid and tetraploid cells was enabled by analysis of nuclear areas. Root analysis was performed by classical fluorescence of metaphase chromosome spreads. This study showed the necessity of microscopic techniques for a thorough characterization of mixoploids. It also demonstrated the potential of the combination of these techniques with flow cytometry to unravel the exact effect of mitosis inhibitors on monocot plants. Finally, it might help to optimize the tetraploidization efficiency.

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“…The use of colchicine on shoot meristems has been the primary method of somatic polyploidization in roses (Basye, 1990;Ma et al, 1997;Roberts et al, 1990;Seminiuk & Arisumi, 1968). Mechanisms of 2n gamete formation in roses for use in sexual polyploidization have only recently been reported, and the inheritance of these mechanisms in roses is unknown (Crespel et al, 2002;El Mokadem et al, 2002a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Trifluralin-mediated polyploidization of Rosa chinensis minima (Sims) Voss seedlings

2005

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Many diploid rose species and cultivars possess valuable traits that can be introgressed into modern tetraploid cultivars. Interspecific, interploidy crosses are possible, but triploid hybrids typically have limited fertility, hindering further breeding and selection. Tetraploidizing diploids before mating with tetraploids can alleviate fertility barriers. The efficiency of trifluralin was investigated for polyploidization of Rosa chinensis minima (2n = 2x = 14) seedlings. Treatments were trifluralin at 0.086% and 0.0086%, colchicine (0.5%), and distilled water and contained 2% dimethyl sulfoxide and a surfactant. Approximately 5 µl of the treatment solution was applied to the apical meristem of seedlings (N = 337, 82-85 per treatment) in the process of cotyledon expansion. Guard cell length, pollen diameter, and root tip squashes of rooted cuttings were used to detect polyploidy in meristematic layer (L)I, LII, and LIII, respectively. Trifluralin (0.086%) was the most effective treatment for polyploidization (LI 20.2%, LII 12.9%, LIII 12.9%), followed by trifluralin (0.0086%) (LI 10.6%, LII 7.1%, LIII 4.7%) and colchicine (LI 2.4%, LII 0%, LIII 0%). Polyploidization consistently occurred from LI inward. Polyploids as a group had reduced pollen stainability and a lower leaflet length to width ratio than diploids. In addition, two diploid seedlings were identified which produce 2n pollen. Considerations in selecting germplasm and generating somatically-induced polyploids from seedlings versus clones for use in breeding are discussed.

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In vitro procedures for the induction of tetraploidy in a diploid rose

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in Rosa and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability

Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in Rosa and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability

Histogenic analysis of chemically induced mixoploids in Spathiphyllum wallisii

Trifluralin-mediated polyploidization of Rosa chinensis minima (Sims) Voss seedlings

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