In situ ruminal crude protein degradability of by-products from cereals, oilseeds and animal origin

Habib, Ghulam; Khan, Nazir Ahmad; Ali, Mohsin; Bezabih, Melkamu

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2013.01.017

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Habib et al (2013) stated that many studies have shown that the rumen CP degradation kinetics of highprotein byproducts are strongly affected by intrinsic variation in feedstuffs, e.g., plant cultivars, growing conditions, and processing methods, and extrinsic factors, such as bag pore size and substrate particle size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ degradability of elephant grass ensiled with increasing levels of pineapple agro-industrial by-product

Ferreira

Rodríguez

Neiva

et al. 2016

SCA

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the in situ degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and hemicellulose of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) with increasing levels (0; 35.0; 70.0, 105.0, and 140.0 g kg -1 ) of dried pineapple (Ananas comosus, L.) byproduct (DPBP). The experimental silos consisted of plastic drums with 210 L capacity. After weighing and homogenizing the elephant grass with the DPBP, the material was inserted in the silos (126 kg silage, at a density of 600 kg m -3 ) and compressed. After 45 days of ensilage, silos were opened and samples of the silages were collected for the trial. The study of degradability in situ was conducted using a rumen-fistulated steer. The animal was fed with corn silage supplemented with 1 kg concentrate daily. Five levels of addition of the byproduct were tested, with three replicates and five times of incubation with an animal. The experimental design was completely randomized with split plots, in which the proportions of DPBP were the treatments (plots), the different silos were the replicates, and the incubation times were the subplots. The levels of inclusion of DPBP provided an increase (P<0.05) in disappearance of DM and CP and in the effective degradability of DM, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose. The dried pineapple byproduct is a potential alternative to be used as additive in the ensilage of elephant grass, as it provides an increase in the rumen degradability parameters. Key words: Agroindustrial waste. Digestibility. In situ degradation. Intake. Rumen.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ degradability of elephant grass ensiled with increasing levels of pineapple agro-industrial by-product

Ferreira

Rodríguez

Neiva

et al. 2016

SCA

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“…This variation results in variable rumen degradation of dietary nutrients (Ali et al, 2012) that should be taken into account when determining the feeding value of maize silages. A number of techniques are commonly used to determine the nutrient availability of feedstuffs (Habib et al, 2013). The in situ nylon bag technique has been extensively applied to determine the rumen degradation characteristics of feedstuffs for dairy cows (Ørskov and McDonald, 1979;Vanzant et al, 1998;Harazim et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of maize silages in dairy cows

Ali

Duinkerken

Cone

et al. 2014

Animal

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Several in situ studies have been conducted on maize silages to determine the effect of individual factors such as maturity stage, chop length and ensiling of maize crop on the rumen degradation but the information on the relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics remains scarce. The objectives of this study were to determine and describe relationships between the chemical composition and the rumen degradation characteristics of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP, starch and aNDFom (NDF assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed exclusive of residual ash) of maize silages. In all, 75 maize silage samples were selected, with a broad range in chemical composition and quality parameters. The samples were incubated in the rumen for 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 72 and 336 h, using the nylon bag technique. Large range was found in the rumen degradable fractions of DM, OM, CP, starch and aNDFom because of the broad range in chemical composition and quality parameters. The new database with in situ rumen degradation characteristics of DM, OM, CP, starch and aNDFom of the maize silages was obtained under uniform experimental conditions; same cows, same incubation protocol and same chemical analysis procedures. Regression equations were developed with significant predictors (P < 0.05) describing moderate and weak relationships between the chemical composition and the washout fraction, rumen undegradable fraction, potentially rumen degradable fraction, fractional degradation rate and effective rumen degradable fraction of DM, OM, CP, starch and aNDFom.

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“…The kinetics of protein degradation in the ruminal ecosystem are affected by complex interactions between biotic and abiotic components resulting in biological conditions that are difficult to simulate with great accuracy or precision; there is great variability among observations made using in vitro, in situ or in vivo methods (Stern et al, 1994;Broderick et al, 2004;Cone et al, 2004;Habib et al, 2013;Hao et al, 2016). The most important biological components are related to the biodiversity and ecological behavior of the microorganisms in the rumen, principally their bioenergetic, enzymatic and hydrolytic processes and they synthesis of microbial proteins.…”

Section: Complexity Of Proteolysis In the Ruminal Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Attributes and Limitations of Methodologies for Predicting the Degradability of Ruminal Protein

2016

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present review is to analyze the methodologies that are commonly used to estimate protein degradability in the rumen, focusing on their attributes and limitations to offer suggestions for improving their use. This information is essential for selecting food types when formulating feed diets. A reliable prediction of the digestibility of ruminal proteins is basic information necessary for optimizing the use of nitrogenous sources because digestibility can translate, on the one hand, into higher yields of milk, milk protein, meat or wool and, on the other hand, into lower excretion of nitrogenous compounds into the environment; it also has an impact on animal health and welfare. Traditionally, the digestibility of feed proteins in the rumen has been predicted by in vivo, in situ and in vitro methods, but other techniques based on infrared spectroscopy have been developed, notably the NIRS and FTIR methods. All of these techniques present limitations, such as a disturbance factor or a source of error, that may result in inaccurate predictions. The in situ and in vitro methods, which use enzyme extracts of ruminal origin, and FTIR probably have the greatest advantages, but they need to be perfected through further research.

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In situ ruminal crude protein degradability of by-products from cereals, oilseeds and animal origin

Cited by 29 publications

References 17 publications

In situ degradability of elephant grass ensiled with increasing levels of pineapple agro-industrial by-product

In situ degradability of elephant grass ensiled with increasing levels of pineapple agro-industrial by-product

Relationship between chemical composition and in situ rumen degradation characteristics of maize silages in dairy cows

Empirical Attributes and Limitations of Methodologies for Predicting the Degradability of Ruminal Protein

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