In-situ analysis of the effect of CaO/Fe2O3 addition on ash melting and sintering behavior for slagging-type applications

Shi, Wenju; Laabs, Marcel; Reinmöller, Markus; Bai, Jin; Guhl, Stefan; Kong, Lingxue; Li, Huaizhu; Meyer, Bernd; Wen, Lijie

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119090

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The increasing T s decreased the risk of the adhesion and deposition on the heating surface, 35 the fouling on the syngas cooler, and metal corrosion in the gasifier. 29 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sintering is the process of particle softening and surface flow under the driving force of reduction of free surface energy, which leads particles to adhere together. 24 Sintering behavior is mainly determined by the ash’s chemical composition 29 and affected by atmosphere and pressure. 24 The sintering characteristics are closely related to alkali-metal content (especially for Na 30 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding Ash Sintering Variation Behaviors of Low-Rank Coals with Municipal Sludge Addition Based on Mineral Interactions

Yang

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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Co-gasification with coal provides an economically viable way to use sludge. To investigate the effect of municipal sludge (MS) on the sintering behaviors of low-rank coals (LRCs) and their modification mechanisms, the initial sintering temperature ( T s ) of three LRCs and their mixtures with MS addition were tested by a T s analyzer, an X-ray diffractometer, and FactSage calculation. The results show that the T s values of Xiaolongtan coal (XLT), Xiangyuan coal (XY), and Daliuta coal (DLT) all increase with MS addition. The 9–12% MS mass ratio is suitable during LRC fluidized-bed gasification to mitigate ash-related issues. The T s is closely related to the liquid-phase content or the transmissions of microparticles (e.g., atoms and ions) or blank spots during heating, while the ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) are mainly determined by acid/base ratios. The T s values of high-Fe XLT and XY mixed ashes increased gradually with increasing MS proportion because the sintering mechanisms transferred from liquid phase to solid phase, while for relatively high-Mg DLT ashes, the T s values increased with increasing MS proportions, which might result from the formations of high-melting-point minerals (e.g., Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and Mg 2 SiO 4 ). The results deepen the understanding of ash sintering behaviors and provide references to alleviate ash-related issues during gasification.

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“…The increasing T s decreased the risk of the adhesion and deposition on the heating surface, 35 the fouling on the syngas cooler, and metal corrosion in the gasifier. 29 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Ash Sintering Variation Behaviors of Low-Rank Coals with Municipal Sludge Addition Based on Mineral Interactions

Yang

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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“…CaO facilitates the development of low-melting-point albite and anorthite. However, more Al2O3 addition leads to the formation of high-melting-point mullite, which is why alkaline materials derived from Al2O3 are not extensively utilized as catalysts in co-gasification processes (Shi et al, 2021). The key drawback of CaO sorbents is that their ability to absorb CO2 is readily diminished by up to 80% after many cycles, leading to a shift in the CO2 reaction's equilibrium (Granados-Pichardo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Catalytic Effect On Hydrogen-rich Syngasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Producing hydrogen-rich syngas via microwave heating and co-gasification: a systematic review

et al. 2022

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Co-gasification contributes significantly to the generation of hydrogen-rich syngas since it not only addresses the issue of feedstock variation but also has synergistic benefits. In this article, recent research on hydrogen concentration and yield, tar content, gasification efficiency, and carbon conversion efficiency is explored systematically. In feedstocks with high water content, steam gasification and supercritical hydrothermal gasification technologies are ideal for producing hydrogen at a concentration of 57%, which can be increased to 82.9% using purification technology. Carbonized coals, chars, and cokes have high microwave absorption when used as feedstocks. Moreover, coconut activated carbon contains elements that provide a high tan δ value and are worthy of further development as feedstocks, adsorbents or catalysts. Meanwhile, the FeSO4 catalyst has the greatest capacity for storing microwave energy and producing dielectric losses; therefore, it can serve as both a catalyst and microwave absorber. Although microwave heating is preferable to conventional heating, the amount of hydrogen it generates remains modest, at 60% and 32.75% in single-feeding and co-feeding modes, respectively. The heating value of syngas produced using microwaves is 17.44 MJ/m³, much more than that produced via conventional heating. Thus, despite a lack of research on hydrogen-rich syngas generation based on co-gasification and microwave heating, such techniques have the potential to be developed at both laboratory and industrial scales. In addition, the dielectric characteristics of feedstocks, beds, adsorbents, and catalysts must be further investigated to optimize the performance of microwave heating processes.

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“…Chlorine is a potential anion for Ca and Mg, but could not influence the Mg and Ca depletion due to its low abundance in the biomass (Table 2). Calcium and magnesium oxides remain in the fire bed and only slightly contribute to fine dust formation [32], while they are important factors for ash slagging [47].…”

Section: Calcium and Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment (HTT) Improves the Combustion Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Wood by Reducing Emission Precursors

et al. 2021

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The worldwide transformation from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources will increase the demand for biomass. However, the ash content of many available biomass sources exceeds the limits of national standards. In this study, short-rotation coppice willow biomass was hydrothermally treated at 150, 170 and 185 °C. The higher heating value increased by 2.6% from x¯ = 19,279 J × g−1 to x¯ = 19,793 J × g−1 at 185 °C treatment temperature. The mean ash content was reduced by 53% from x¯ = 1.97% to x¯ = 0.93% at 170 °C treatment temperature, which was below the limit for category TW1b of the European pellet standard for thermally treated biomass. The nitrogen, sulfur and cadmium concentrations were reduced below the limits for category TW1b of the European biomass pellet standard (N: from 0.52% to 0.34%, limit at 0.5%; S: from 0.051% to 0.024%, limit at 0.04%; Cd: from 0.83 mg × kg−1 to 0.37 mg × kg−1, limit at 0.5 mg × kg−1). The highest reduction rates were sampled for phosphor (80–84%), potassium (78–90%), chlorine (96–98%) and lithium (96–98%). The reduction behavior of the elements is discussed according to the chemical processes at the onset of hydrothermal carbonization. The results of this study show that HTT has the potential to expand the availability of biomass for the increasing worldwide demand in the future.

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In-situ analysis of the effect of CaO/Fe2O3 addition on ash melting and sintering behavior for slagging-type applications

Cited by 24 publications

References 35 publications

Understanding Ash Sintering Variation Behaviors of Low-Rank Coals with Municipal Sludge Addition Based on Mineral Interactions

Understanding Ash Sintering Variation Behaviors of Low-Rank Coals with Municipal Sludge Addition Based on Mineral Interactions

Producing hydrogen-rich syngas via microwave heating and co-gasification: a systematic review

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment (HTT) Improves the Combustion Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice Willow Wood by Reducing Emission Precursors

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